Difference between revisions of "Z80 PIO"

Revision as of 07:44, 11 January 2010

The Zilog Z80 PIO chip is a Dual 8bit I/O Port (not to be confused with the Triple 8bit 8255 PPI, which is sometimes referred to as PIO, too).

Register Addressing

The chip has B/A (Port B/A Select) and C/D (Control/Data Select) pins, which may be connected to the CPUs A0 and A1 pins (or vice-versa, A1 and A0) (or other pins like A3 and A4). Anyways, no matter how the addressing is done:

There are 4 registers - 2 Data registers, and 2 Control registers.

Data Registers A and B

Data direction can be configured in the corresponding control register. Depending on the direction, the data bits are inputs or outputs with following meaning:

 7-0 Data (0=Low, 1=High)

Aside from the 8 data lines, each port additionaly supports automatic /STROBE and READY handshaking signals (whereas, unlike as in printer ports, STROBE can act as an input, not an output), the handshaking stuff isn't used in Mode3.

Control Registers A and B

When D0=0:

 7-1 Interrupt Vectors Bit7-1 (Vector Bit0 is fixed = zero)
 0   Must be 00h

When D0..D3=03h:

 7   Interrupt Enable (1=Enable) (same as when D0..D3=0Fh)
 6-4 Not used (should be zero)
 0-3 Must be 03h

When D0..D3=07h:

 7   Interrupt Enable (1=Enable)
 6   Interrupt AND/OR (0=OR, 1=AND) ;\
 5   Interrupt High Low (1=High)    ; used in Mode3 only
 4   Interrupt Mask Follows         ;/   ;<--- also ACK interrupt?
 0-3 Must be 07h

When D0..D3=0Fh:

 7-6 Mode (0=out, 1=in, 2=bidirectional,3=control) (mode2 on PortA only)
 5-4 Not used (should be zero)
 0-3 Must be 0Fh

After Mode3 (control mode) was set, then next control write is:

 0-7 Direction bits, separately for each pin (0=out, 1=in)

After InterruptMaskFollows was set (in Mode3 only?), then next write is:

 0-7 Select bits to be monitored (in OR mode: 0=Select)

Usage in CPC

A Z80 PIO is used by ACU Real Time Clock (DIY), and Dk'tronics Real Time Clock.