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87 bytes removed, 9 December
* [[FDC]] The PC used the same Floppy Disc Controler.
* [[8255|PPI]] Same programmable peripheral interface as the CPC
 
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== IBM Antitrust Consent Decree ==
 
In the early 1950s, IBM was the dominant player in the computing industry, particularly with its mainframe computers. The company held a substantial market share, leading to concerns about monopolistic practices and stifling competition.
 
The U.S. government, particularly the Department of Justice, initiated legal action against IBM in 1952, alleging that the company was violating antitrust laws by using its market power to suppress competition.
 
The Consent Decree, finalized in 1956, was not a traditional antitrust lawsuit but rather a settlement that aimed to modify IBM's business practices. Notably, the decree encouraged the development of open standards in computing, promoting interoperability among different systems.
 
This U.S. antitrust consent decree with IBM led to the PC architecture being functionally an open design, as IBM was required to share its technology and promote competition. Therefore, IBM used standard components and a flexible design, making it easy for other manufacturers to replicate.
 
This openness encouraged many companies like Amstrad to create compatible products, leading to rapid growth in the PC market. Software developers also benefited, as they could create programs that worked across various compatible machines.
 
Note: A consent decree is an agreement or settlement that resolves a dispute between two parties without admission of guilt or liability.
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== DocumentationIBM Antitrust Consent Decree == In the early 1950s, IBM was the dominant player in the computing industry, particularly with its mainframe computers. The company held a substantial market share, leading to concerns about monopolistic practices and stifling competition. The U.S. government, particularly the Department of Justice, initiated legal action against IBM in 1952, alleging that the company was violating antitrust laws by using its market power to suppress competition. The Consent Decree, finalized in 1956, was not a traditional antitrust lawsuit but rather a settlement that aimed to modify IBM's business practices. Notably, the decree encouraged the development of open standards in computing, promoting interoperability among different systems. This U.S. antitrust consent decree with IBM led to the PC architecture being functionally an open design, as IBM was required to share its technology and promote competition. Therefore, IBM used standard components and a flexible design, making it easy for other manufacturers to replicate. This openness encouraged many companies like Amstrad to create compatible products, leading to rapid growth in the PC market. Software developers also benefited, as they could create programs that worked across various compatible machines. This explains why IBM did such a good job in documenting the PC architecture:
*[https://userpages.umbc.edu/~squire/intel_book.pdf Intel Microprocessors Practical Reference]
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