For example, if CRTC R2=46, and CRTC HSYNC width is 14 chars then monitor hsync starts at 48 and lasts only until 51 included.
On Gate Array, even if the duration of the CRTC VSYNCis reduced to 2 µseconds, the Gate Array (or ASIC) will always output black for 26 lines, including with 4 lines of C-VSYNC to the monitor. This is true even if the duration of On ASIC/Pre-ASIC, the CRTC VSYNC is reduced must be active for the C-VSYNC signal to 2 µsecondsbe sent by the ASIC to the monitor.
The Gate Array uses 2 internal counters to create its CSYNC signal: