Kempston Mouse

This mouse is supported by The OCP Art Studio, The Advanced OCP Art Studio and Carrier Command.

The interface described here was loaned to arnoldemu by yoshi.doshi.

PCB has a 50-way edge connector. There is no through connector. The mouse connects via a 9-pin female D-sub (standard joystick socket) which is on the PCB.

The board is labelled "(C) KEMPSTON MICRO AMSTRAD MOUSE I/F" and "ISS B".

The ICs are labelled and are:

IC1 DM74LS00N  QUAD 2-INPUT NAND 
IC2 DM74LS191N SYNCHRONOUS UP/DOWN COUNTERS WITH DOWN/UP MODE CONTROL (4-bit binary counter)
IC3 DM74LS191N SYNCHRONOUS UP/DOWN COUNTERS WITH DOWN/UP MODE CONTROL (4-bit binary counter)
IC4 74LS125APC QUAD 3-STATE BUFFER
IC5 DM74LS191N SYNCHRONOUS UP/DOWN COUNTERS WITH DOWN/UP MODE CONTROL (4-bit binary counter)
IC6 DM74LS191N SYNCHRONOUS UP/DOWN COUNTERS WITH DOWN/UP MODE CONTROL (4-bit binary counter)
IC7 DM74LS138N 1-OF-8 DECODER/DEMULTIPLEXER
IC8 DM74LS257BN 3-STATE QUAD 2-DATA SELECTORS/MULTIPLEXERS
IC9 DM74LS257BN 3-STATE QUAD 2-DATA SELECTORS/MULTIPLEXERS

The mouse that comes with the interface has 2 buttons.

Port decoding to be confirmed. Number of mouse buttons supported to be confirmed.

Position:

Port FBEEh READ: Kempston Mouse 8 bit X position
Port FBEFh READ: Kempston Mouse 8 bit Y position
Note: The position values aren't reset after reading.
To calculated the distance since last read:
  dist=new-old, old=new
whereas,
  dist=00h : no move
  dist=+01h..+7Fh moved right/up
  dist=-01h..-80h moved left/down

Buttons:

Port FAEFh READ: Kempston Mouse Buttons
bit 0: Left Button (active low)
bit 1: Right Button (active low)
bit 2..7: unknown

From an article about the "Amstrad Consumer Show" in German magazine "Happy Computer 12/1986":

• "Bewundern Sie auch die Maussteuerung eines Atari ST oder eines Schneider PC? Bei Kempston gibt es für 69,95 Pfund auch für Ihren CPC oder Joyce so eine komfortable Benutzeroberfläche. Die Maus entspricht dabei völlig dem Standard mit zwei unabhängigen Tasten. Das mitgelieferte Desktop-Programm braucht sich vor den Brüdern auf 16-Bit-Computern nicht zu verstecken."

Calculating the mouse position from the information given on the Kempston mouse ports is easy.

We will proceed in 2 steps:

1. Calculate mouse pointer location on a virtual screen that has a 640*400 resolution.
2. Translate position from the virtual screen to the current CPC screen mode.

Here is the algorithm in pseudo-code:

// initMouse initializes variables and centers the mouse pointer on screen
function initMouse() {
 maxX = 639;
 maxY = 399;
 // centering the mouse pointer on the screen
 virtualX = maxX >> 1; // virtualX = maxX/2
 virtualY = maxY >> 1; // virtualY = maxY/2
 // store raw mouse values
 oldX = inp(&FBEE);
 oldY = inp(&FBEF);
 // get mouse pointer position
 refreshMouse();
}

// refreshMouse has to be called before you redraw the mouse pointer (and ideally on every frame)
function refreshMouse() {
 // get raw mouse values
 rawX = inp(&FBEE);
 rawY = inp(&FBEF);
 // get the relative mouse displacement since last call
 deltaX = rawX - oldX;
 deltaY = rawY - oldY;
 // store raw mouse values
 oldX = rawX;
 oldY = rawY;
 // calculate new unclipped virtual position
 virtualX = virtualX + deltaX;
 virtualY = virtualY - deltaY; // Kempston mouse Y-axis is inverted compared to screen coordinates!
 // perform clipping
 if (virtualX < 0) then virtualX = 0;
 else if (virtualX > maxX) then virtualX = maxX;
 if (virtualY < 0) then virtualY = 0;
 else if (virtualY > maxY) then virtualY = maxY;
 // now we translate position from the virtual screen to the current CPC screen mode
 mouseY = virtualY >> 1; // mouseY = virtualY/2
 if (mode2) then mouseX = virtualX;
 else if (mode1) then mouseX = virtualX >> 1; // mouseX = virtualX/2
 else if (mode0) then mouseX = virtualX >> 2; // mouseX = virtualX/4
}