Difference between revisions of "FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions"

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−	top of the main page, logo by Antoine Rozanski	+	== About ==
−	|  mobile version	+
−	|  Files	+
−	|  CSA8 & FAQ	+
−	|  Emulator	+
−	|  Links	+
−	|  Games	+
−	|  Archives	+
−	|  Contact	+
−	|  Aller vers la version française de ce site	+
−
−
−	Approved: news-answers-request@MIT.EDU
−	Followup-To: comp.sys.amstrad.8bit
−	Reply-To: roussin noos.fr
−	Archive-name: amstrad8bit-faq
−	Posting-Frequency: monthly (4th day)
−
−
−
	comp.sys.amstrad.8bit Frequently Asked Questions v1.32 (10/16/2005)		comp.sys.amstrad.8bit Frequently Asked Questions v1.32 (10/16/2005)
		+	The FAQ exists in english, french, german, spanish and dutch. The spanish and german translations arent up to date. They are archived on :
		+	* http://www.genesis8bit.com
		+	* english text only :
		+	** http://www.faqs.org/faqs/amstrad8bit-faq
		+	** ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/comp.sys.amstrad.8bit
		+	The french translation was done by Pierre Guerrier and then by Pierre Thevenet. Thanks to them.
		+	This FAQ is posted each month on the 4th to comp.sys.amstrad.8bit, comp.answers and news.answers
		+	* Lines preceded by '+' have been added since the last FAQ
		+	* Lines preceded by '*' have been modified since the last FAQ
		+	* Lines preceded by '-' will be removed in the next FAQ
−
−	The FAQ exists in english, french, german, spanish and dutch. The
−	spanish and german translations arent up to date. They are archived on :
−
−
−
−	- http://www.genesis8bit.com
−	- english text only :
−	http://www.faqs.org/faqs/amstrad8bit-faq
−	ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/comp.sys.amstrad.8bit
−
−
−
−
−	The french translation was done by Pierre Guerrier and then by Pierre
−	Thevenet. Thanks to them.
−
−
−
−
−	This FAQ is posted each month on the 4th to comp.sys.amstrad.8bit,
−	comp.answers and news.answers
−
−
−
−
−	Lines preceded by '+' have been added since the last FAQ
−	Lines preceded by '*' have been modified since the last FAQ
−	Lines preceded by '-' will be removed in the next FAQ
−
−
−
−
	This FAQ is written by :		This FAQ is written by :
		+	* Emmanuel Roussin, sections A, D, E
		+	* Mark Ray, h089 mth.uea.ac.uk, section B (Notepad)
		+	* Frank van Empel, http://www.fvempel.nl/, section C (PCW)
		+	All mailto links have been removed, all emails addresses were translated like this : a@b.com is now a b.com
−		+	If you have any ideas for the FAQ, send an email to the correct person. About parts written by E.R., as english isn't my mother tongue, this FAQ has certainly typing mistakes, grammar errors, etc... I welcome the corrections.
−	- Emmanuel Roussin, sections A, D, E	+
−	- Mark Ray, h089 mth.uea.ac.uk, section B (Notepad)	+
−	* - Frank van Empel, http://www.fvempel.nl/, section C (PCW)	+
−		+
−		+
		+	This FAQ is freeware, you can use it freely for your personal use, but we retain the copyright. For commercial use, you must ask our permission before.
−	All mailto links have been removed, all emails addresses were	+	Parts of this FAQ are taken from the documentation of CPCEMU, some are from the main faq keeper (E.R.) and Mark Ray (Notepad part), other parts are taken from articles of the newsgroup.
−	translated like this : a@b.com is now a b.com	+
−		+
−		+
−		+
−		+
−	If you have any ideas for the FAQ, send an email to the correct	+
−	person. About parts written by E.R., as english isn't my mother	+
−	tongue, this FAQ has certainly typing mistakes, grammar errors, etc...	+
−	I welcome the corrections.	+
−		+
−		+
−		+
−		+
−	This FAQ is freeware, you can use it freely for your personal use, but we	+
−	retain the copyright. For commercial use, you must ask our permission	+
−	before.	+
−		+
−		+
−		+
−		+
−	Parts of this FAQ are taken from the documentation of CPCEMU, some are	+
−	from the main faq keeper (E.R.) and Mark Ray (Notepad part), other	+
−	parts are taken from articles of the newsgroup.	+
−		+
−		+
−		+
−		+
−	------------	+
−		+
−		+
−		+
−	Table of Contents	+
−		+
−		+
−		+
−		+
−	Introduction	+
−		+
−	Z - Amstrad : Alan Michael Sugar TRADing	+
−		+
−	A - Amstrad CPC	+
−		+
−	A0) Amstrad CPC(+), KC Compact and GX 4000 presentation	+
−		+
−	A1) Emulators and utilities	+
−		+
−	A1.1) emulators	+
−	A1.2) utilities	+
−		+
−	A2) Sources of emulators, ROMs, programs, buying hardware/software	+
−		+
−	A2.0) IRC	+
−	A2.1) FTP	+
−	A2.2) WWW	+
−	A2.3) BBS	+
−	A2.4) Using programs with emulators or real CPC	+
−	A2.5) Buying hardware/software	+
−		+
−	A3) Transfer between CPC and PC	+
−		+
−	A3.1) 3" drive on PC	+
−	A3.2.1) 3,5" or 5,25" drive on CPC	+
−	A3.2.2) 3,5" or 5,25" drive on CPC+	+
−	A3.3) parallel cable	+
−	A3.4) RS 232 / RS 422 (Macintosh)	+
−	A3.5) Companies	+
−	A3.6) Tapes	+
−		+
−	A4) Maps, solutions, pokes	+
−		+
−	A4.1) Maps and Solutions	+
−	A4.2) Pokes	+
−		+
−	A5) Hardware problems	+
−		+
−	A5.1) Internal drive	+
−	A5.2) External drive	+
−	A5.3) Components	+
−		+
−	A6) How can I help the Amstrad world ?	+
−		+
−	A6.1) Updating the FAQ	+
−	A6.2) Commercial games becoming freeware	+
−	A6.3) Adding files to ftp.lip6.fr	+
−	A6.4) Updating ALL_CPC, ALL_HW, ALL_ROM, ALL_UTIL	+
−		+
−		+
−	A7) Programs	+
−		+
−		+
−	A8) Useful addresses and information	+
−		+
−	A8.1) Snail mail addresses	+
−	A8.2) Information	+
−		+
−	A9) Fanzines	+
−		+
−	A9.1) on paper	+
−	A9.2) on disk	+
−		+
−	A10) Additional hardware	+
−		+
−	A10.1) Hard disk	+
−	A10.2) Multiface II	+
−	A10.3) Rombox	+
−	A10.3.1) ROMCARD and RAMCARD	+
−	A10.3.2) Inicron ROM-RAM-BOX	+
−	A10.4) Sound Player 1 and 2	+
−	A10.5) Network	+
−	A10.6) Future OS	+
−	A10.7) Memory extensions	+
−	A10.7.1) 2 Mo RAM extension	+
−	A10.7.2) Inicron RAM-BOX	+
−	A10.8) Card Tridge	+
−	A10.9) CPC ISA	+
−	A10.10) Amstrad MP1 & MP2	+
−	A10.11) CD-ROM	+
−	A10.12) Mouse	+
−		+
−	A11) Upcoming CPC meetings	+
−		+
−		+
−	B - Amstrad Notepad (NC100/150/200)	+
−		+
−	B0) NC 100/150/200 presentation	+
−		+
−	B1) Emulators	+
−		+
−	B2) How can I buy one ?	+
−		+
−	B3) What peripherals can I use ?	+
−		+
−	B3.1) Printer	+
−	B3.2) Extra Memory	+
−	B3.3) Disks	+
−		+
−	B4) How do I connect it to a PC ?	+
−		+
−	B4.1) Which cable ?	+
−	B4.2) Settings	+
−	B4.3) Converting Word Processor Files	+
−	B4.4) How do I connect it to a BBC micro	+
−		+
−	B5) BASIC	+
−		+
−	B5.1) Where can I find basic programs ?	+
−	B5.2) Can I use the Word Processor to enter listings ?	+
−	B5.3) Can I make a program auto-run ?	+
−		+
−	B6) Other Programs	+
−		+
−	B7) I've just crashed it	+
−		+
−	B8) I've just broken it	+
−		+
−	B9) Where to ask help	+
−		+
−	B10) Internet resources	+
−		+
−	B11) Credits	+
−		+
−		+
−	C - PCW	+
−		+
−	C0) PCW presentation	+
−		+
−	C1) Emulators and utilities	+
−		+
−	C1.1.1) Joyce	+
−	C1.1.2) Joyce MAC	+
−	C1.1.3) M.E.S.S.	+
−	C1.2) Utilities	+
−		+
−		+
−	C2) Where can I find emulators and programs ?	+
−		+
−	C2.1) FTP sites	+
−	C2.2) WWW	+
−	C2.3) Various sources	+
−		+
−	C3) Transferring between PCW and PC	+
−		+
−	C3.1) 3.5" drive to a PCW	+
−	C3.2) LocoLink for Windows	+
−	C3.3) RS 232	+
−	C3.4) 3" drive on PC	+
−	C3.5) Acoustic communication	+
−		+
−	C4) Shops supporting PCW	+
−		+
−	C5) Hardware	+
−		+
−	C5.1) Printer	+
−	C5.2) Keyboard	+
−	C5.3) Disc drive	+
−		+
−	C6) Additional hardware	+
−		+
−	C6.1) Memory up to 51k2kb	+
−	C6.2) Memory beyond 512kb	+
−	C6.3) Interfaces (various purposes)	+
−	C6.4) ProScan	+
−	C6.5) MasterScan	+
−	C6.6) Electric Studio Light Pen	+
−	C6.7) Electric Studio Digitiser	+
−	C6.8) Robotics Hegatron Grafpad II	+
−	C6.9) Intergem interface	+
−	C6.10) Disc drives	+
−	C6.11) Hard disks	+
−	C6.12) Margin Maker	+
−	C6.13) Mice & other input devices	+
−	C6.14) Teqniche keyboard	+
−	C6.15) LocoLink & LocoLink for Windows	+
−	C6.16) D'K Tronics sound synthesiser	+
−	C6.17) ISA card	+
−	C6.18) Various DIY layouts	+
−		+
−	C7) Fanzines	+
−		+
−		+
−	D) PcW 16	+
−		+
−	D0) PcW 16 presentation	+
−		+
−	D1) Emulators	+
−		+
−	D1.1) CP/M v2.2 and 3.1 for the PCW16	+
−	D1.2) M.E.S.S.	+
−		+
−	D2) Support	+
−		+
−		+
−	E - PDA600	+
−		+
−	E0) PDA600 presentation	+
−		+
−		+
−		+
−	F - CP/M	+
−		+
	---------------------------		---------------------------
−	Introduction	+	Introduction
−	The vote for the creation of this newsgroup passed on 28th July 1994	+	The vote for the creation of this newsgroup passed on 28th July 1994 with 148:36, it was effectively created on 4th august 1994. It was the idea of Marco Vieth and David Long. This unmoderated newsgroup comp.sys.amstrad.8bit is open to discussions about the Z80 Amstrad computers : CPC (464, 664, 6128, 464+, 6128+), GX4000, PCW (8256, 8512, 9256, 9512, 9512+, 10, 16), NC100/150/200 and PDA600.
−	with 148:36, it was effectively created on 4th august 1994. It was the	+
−	idea of Marco Vieth and David Long.	+
−	This unmoderated newsgroup comp.sys.amstrad.8bit is open to	+	Appropriate topics include, but are not limited to :
−	discussions about the Z80 Amstrad computers : CPC (464, 664, 6128,	+
−	464+, 6128+), GX4000, PCW (8256, 8512, 9256, 9512, 9512+, 10, 16),	+
−	NC100/150/200 and PDA600.	+
−	Appropriate topics include, but are not limited to :	+	* CPC, GX4000, PCW, NC, PDA hardware and software,
		+	* emulators,
		+	* specific Amstrad CP/M files, overlays...
		+	* ads for selling/buying the relative hardware and software.
		+	etc...
−	- CPC, GX4000, PCW, NC, PDA hardware and software,	+	The only topic that is excluded : discussion of Amstrad PC-compatible (1512, 1640, 2x86, 3x86 and others Amstrad compatible I don't know) because these computers are really compatible, so comp.sys.ibm.pc.* newsgroups must be used, especially comp.sys.ibm.pc.classic
−	- emulators,	+
−	- specific Amstrad CP/M files, overlays...	+
−	- ads for selling/buying the relative hardware and software.	+
−	etc...	+	For questions about these PC see http://web.ukonline.co.uk/cliff.lawson and http://www.seasip.info/AmstradXT
−	The only topic that is excluded :	+	For easier reading and filtering, please use the following tags at the start of your subject line :
−	discussion of Amstrad PC-compatible (1512, 1640, 2x86, 3x86 and	+	* announce posts : [announce]
−	others Amstrad compatible I don't know) because these computers	+	* unrelated topic : [i]
−	are really compatible, so comp.sys.ibm.pc.* newsgroups must be	+	* for buying items : [want to buy]
−	used, especially comp.sys.ibm.pc.classic	+	* for selling items : [want so sell]
		+	* for post in another language : [french], [german], etc..., but put a short summary in english to not ignore people who dont understand your language, also you will get much more help if more people can read your post.
−	For questions about these PC see http://web.ukonline.co.uk/cliff.lawson
−	and http://www.seasip.info/AmstradXT
−	For easier reading and filtering, please use the following tags at	+	== Alan Michael Sugar TRADing ==
−	the start of your subject line :	+
		+	Alan Michael Sugar created his company, and called it using his name :  Alan Michael Sugar TRADing, that's Amstrad. More on Amstrad company later.
−	- announce posts : [announce]	+	== Amstrad CPC ==
−	- unrelated topic : [i]	+
−	- for buying items : [want to buy]	+
−	- for selling items : [want so sell]	+
−	- for post in another language : [french], [german], etc..., but put	+
−	a short summary in english to not ignore people who dont understand	+
−	your language, also you will get much more help if more people can	+
−	read your post.	+
		+	=== Amstrad CPC(+), KC compact and GX 4000 presentation 06/30/2003 ===
−		+	They use the Zilog Z80A processor which speed is 4.00MHz. From SOFT968 "The system centres round the Z80A with a 4.00MHz clock". Later it states that "Accesses to memory are synchronised with the video logic, constrained to occur on microsecond boundaries. This has the effect of stretching each Z80 machine cycle to be a multiple of 4 time states (clock cycles) In practice,this alters the instruction timing so that the effective clock rate is approximately 3.3MHz"
−	Z - Alan Michael Sugar TRADing	+
−		+
−	Alan Michael Sugar created his company, and called it using his name :	+
−	Alan Michael Sugar TRADing, that's Amstrad.	+
−	More on Amstrad company later.	+	Amstrad made the following CPC systems :
		+	* CPC 464 (Arnold 1),
		+	* CPC 664 (Arnold 2),
		+	* CPC 6128 (Arnold 3), there was also a CPC6128 cost down (Arnold 4 which was identical in operation to the original 6128 but had a new PCB and ASIC that reduced the board size and chip count to a mere fraction of the original size. If you open up a 6128 and the board fills the entire space you've got one of the originals. If you open one up and the board only occupies about 1/4 to 1/3 of the available space with a LOT of surrounding fresh air then you've got an Arnold 4.
		+	* CPC 464+ (Arnold 5),
		+	* CPC 6128+ (Arnold 6),
		+	* GX 4000, the Amstrad 8 bit console.
		+	The CPC+ and GX 4000 have enhanced graphics and sound (DMA), colour palette of 4096, hardware sprites, hardware scrolling, and used 128 Ko to 512 Ko carts.
−	A - Amstrad CPC	+	Amstrad used CRTC (Cathodic Ray Tube Controller) from different manufacturers, which worked the same in the main, but do have many different characteristics. This is the reason why a demo designed for CRTC type 1, may not display correctly (or even at all), on a CRTC type 0 :
−	A0) Amstrad CPC(+), KC compact and GX 4000 presentation 06/30/2003	+	* CRTC 0 : chipset HD6845S,
		+	* CRTC 1 : chipset UM6845R,
		+	* CRTC 2 : chipset MC6845,
		+	* CRTC 3 : CPC+ Asic,
		+	* CRTC 4 : ?
−	They use the Zilog Z80A processor which speed is 4.00MHz.	+	The KC compact (KC mean KleinComputer = little computer) is a clone of the Amstrad CPC. It was made by VEB Mikroelectronik in East Germany (the old DDR) in 1989. It was made the year before the Berlin wall came down, and ceased production soon after. The KC compact is 95% compatible to the CPC. The functions of the Gate-Array are simulated by TTL-Logic and a Zilog Z8536 CIO. The ROMs are a patched English CPC6128 Operating system ROM (includes setup code for the Z8536) and a unpatched Locomotive BASIC v1.1 rom.
−	From SOFT968 "The system centres round the Z80A with a 4.00MHz clock"	+
−	Later it states that "Accesses to memory are synchronised with the	+
−	video logic, constrained to occur on microsecond boundaries. This	+
−	has the effect of stretching each Z80 machine cycle to be a multiple	+
−	of 4 time states (clock cycles) In practice,this alters the	+
−	instruction timing so that the effective clock rate is approximately	+
−	3.3MHz"	+
−	Amstrad made the following CPC systems :	+	The only incompatibility lies with the interrupt generation mechanism. Any program that relies on exact interrupt generation behaviour may fail to work.
−	- 1) CPC 464 (Arnold 1),	+	In some respects, the KC compact is actually more powerful than the CPC, because the interrupt frequency can be programmed, in theory the resolution could be reprogrammed, and the colour palette changed (replacing the colour rom). More details are available at http://andercheran.aiind.upv.es/~amstrad
−	- 2) CPC 664 (Arnold 2),	+
−	- 3) CPC 6128 (Arnold 3), there was also a CPC6128 cost down (Arnold 4	+
−	which was identical in operation to the original 6128 but had a new	+
−	PCB and ASIC that reduced the board size and chip count to a mere	+
−	fraction of the original size. If you open up a 6128 and the board	+
−	fills the entire space you've got one of the originals. If you open	+
−	one up and the board only occupies about 1/4 to 1/3 of the available	+
−	space with a LOT of surrounding fresh air then you've got an Arnold 4.	+
−	- 4) CPC 464+ (Arnold 5),	+
−	- 5) CPC 6128+ (Arnold 6),	+
−	- 6) GX 4000, the Amstrad 8 bit console.	+
−	The CPC+ and GX 4000 have enhanced graphics and sound (DMA), colour	+	If you can read french and want to learn more about Amstrad CPC history, you should order the excellent book "Ces ordinateurs sont dangereux" by François Quentin (fquentin club-internet.fr) for 25 Euros (postage included, send an international postal order by going to your post office) to :
−	palette of 4096, hardware sprites, hardware scrolling, and used	+
−	128 Ko to 512 Ko carts.	+
−		+
−	Amstrad used CRTC (Cathodic Ray Tube Controller) from different	+
−	manufacturers, which worked the same in the main, but do have many	+
−	different characteristics. This is the reason why a demo designed	+
−	for CRTC type 1, may not display correctly (or even at all), on a	+
−	CRTC type 0 :	+
−		+
−	- CRTC 0 : chipset HD6845S,	+
−	- CRTC 1 : chipset UM6845R,	+
−	- CRTC 2 : chipset MC6845,	+
−	- CRTC 3 : CPC+ Asic,	+
−	- CRTC 4 : ?	+
−		+
−	The KC compact (KC mean KleinComputer = little computer) is a clone	+
−	of the Amstrad CPC. It was made by VEB Mikroelectronik in East Germany	+
−	(the old DDR) in 1989. It was made the year before the Berlin wall	+
−	came down, and ceased production soon after.	+
−		+
−	The KC compact is 95% compatible to the CPC. The functions of the	+
−	Gate-Array are simulated by TTL-Logic and a Zilog Z8536 CIO. The ROMs	+
−	are a patched English CPC6128 Operating system ROM (includes setup code	+
−	for the Z8536) and a unpatched Locomotive BASIC v1.1 rom.	+
−		+
−	The only incompatibility lies with the interrupt generation mechanism.	+
−	Any program that relies on exact interrupt generation behaviour may	+
−	fail to work.	+
−		+
−	In some respects, the KC compact is actually more powerful than the CPC,	+
−	because the interrupt frequency can be programmed, in theory the resolution	+
−	could be reprogrammed, and the colour palette changed (replacing the colour	+
−	rom). More details are available at	+
−	http://andercheran.aiind.upv.es/~amstrad	+
−		+
−	If you can read french and want to learn more about Amstrad CPC	+
−	history, you should order the excellent book "Ces ordinateurs sont	+
−	dangereux" by François Quentin (fquentin club-internet.fr)	+
−	for 25 Euros (postage included, send an international postal order	+
−	by going to your post office) to :	+
	François Quentin		François Quentin
Line 441:		Line 97:
	FRANCE		FRANCE
−	cover of the book ces ordinateurs sont dangereux	+	== Emulators and utilities ==
−		+
−		+
−		+
−	A1) Emulators and utilities	+
−	A1.1) emulators	+	=== Emulators ===
−	There is a commercial spectrum emulator for the CPC, reviewed in	+	There is a commercial spectrum emulator for the CPC, reviewed in Amstrad Action.
−	Amstrad Action.	+
−	The best emulator for DOS is Caprice32. For win9x, the emulators are	+	The best emulator for DOS is Caprice32. For win9x, the emulators are quite good : Arnold, Winape32 and MTMW. All win9x emulators emulates CPC+, NO$CPC is the only DOS emulator which emulates CPC+. On Amiga, Emu-CPC should be the best emulator.
−	quite good : Arnold, Winape32 and MTMW. All win9x emulators emulates	+
−	CPC+, NO$CPC is the only DOS emulator which emulates CPC+.	+
−	On Amiga, Emu-CPC should be the best emulator.	+
−	A1.1.1) CPCEMU (PC) 06/25/98	+	==== A1.1.1) CPCEMU (PC) 06/25/98 ====
−	CPCEMU by Marco Vieth, last version is 1.5b1, get	+	CPCEMU by Marco Vieth, last version is 1.5b1, get ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/emulator/cpcemu15.zip
−	ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/emulator/cpcemu15.zip	+

---

Revision as of 03:24, 31 August 2017

About

comp.sys.amstrad.8bit Frequently Asked Questions v1.32 (10/16/2005) The FAQ exists in english, french, german, spanish and dutch. The spanish and german translations arent up to date. They are archived on :

• http://www.genesis8bit.com
• english text only :
  • http://www.faqs.org/faqs/amstrad8bit-faq
  • ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/comp.sys.amstrad.8bit

The french translation was done by Pierre Guerrier and then by Pierre Thevenet. Thanks to them. This FAQ is posted each month on the 4th to comp.sys.amstrad.8bit, comp.answers and news.answers

• Lines preceded by '+' have been added since the last FAQ
• Lines preceded by '*' have been modified since the last FAQ
• Lines preceded by '-' will be removed in the next FAQ

This FAQ is written by :

• Emmanuel Roussin, sections A, D, E
• Mark Ray, h089 mth.uea.ac.uk, section B (Notepad)
• Frank van Empel, http://www.fvempel.nl/, section C (PCW)

All mailto links have been removed, all emails addresses were translated like this : a@b.com is now a b.com

If you have any ideas for the FAQ, send an email to the correct person. About parts written by E.R., as english isn't my mother tongue, this FAQ has certainly typing mistakes, grammar errors, etc... I welcome the corrections.

This FAQ is freeware, you can use it freely for your personal use, but we retain the copyright. For commercial use, you must ask our permission before.

Parts of this FAQ are taken from the documentation of CPCEMU, some are from the main faq keeper (E.R.) and Mark Ray (Notepad part), other parts are taken from articles of the newsgroup.

                     ---------------------------

Introduction

The vote for the creation of this newsgroup passed on 28th July 1994 with 148:36, it was effectively created on 4th august 1994. It was the idea of Marco Vieth and David Long. This unmoderated newsgroup comp.sys.amstrad.8bit is open to discussions about the Z80 Amstrad computers : CPC (464, 664, 6128, 464+, 6128+), GX4000, PCW (8256, 8512, 9256, 9512, 9512+, 10, 16), NC100/150/200 and PDA600.

Appropriate topics include, but are not limited to :

• CPC, GX4000, PCW, NC, PDA hardware and software,
• emulators,
• specific Amstrad CP/M files, overlays...
• ads for selling/buying the relative hardware and software.

 etc...

The only topic that is excluded : discussion of Amstrad PC-compatible (1512, 1640, 2x86, 3x86 and others Amstrad compatible I don't know) because these computers are really compatible, so comp.sys.ibm.pc.* newsgroups must be used, especially comp.sys.ibm.pc.classic

For questions about these PC see http://web.ukonline.co.uk/cliff.lawson and http://www.seasip.info/AmstradXT

For easier reading and filtering, please use the following tags at the start of your subject line :

• announce posts : [announce]
• unrelated topic : [i]
• for buying items : [want to buy]
• for selling items : [want so sell]
• for post in another language : [french], [german], etc..., but put a short summary in english to not ignore people who dont understand your language, also you will get much more help if more people can read your post.

Alan Michael Sugar TRADing

Alan Michael Sugar created his company, and called it using his name : Alan Michael Sugar TRADing, that's Amstrad. More on Amstrad company later.

Amstrad CPC

Amstrad CPC(+), KC compact and GX 4000 presentation 06/30/2003

They use the Zilog Z80A processor which speed is 4.00MHz. From SOFT968 "The system centres round the Z80A with a 4.00MHz clock". Later it states that "Accesses to memory are synchronised with the video logic, constrained to occur on microsecond boundaries. This has the effect of stretching each Z80 machine cycle to be a multiple of 4 time states (clock cycles) In practice,this alters the instruction timing so that the effective clock rate is approximately 3.3MHz"

Amstrad made the following CPC systems :

• CPC 464 (Arnold 1),
• CPC 664 (Arnold 2),
• CPC 6128 (Arnold 3), there was also a CPC6128 cost down (Arnold 4 which was identical in operation to the original 6128 but had a new PCB and ASIC that reduced the board size and chip count to a mere fraction of the original size. If you open up a 6128 and the board fills the entire space you've got one of the originals. If you open one up and the board only occupies about 1/4 to 1/3 of the available space with a LOT of surrounding fresh air then you've got an Arnold 4.
• CPC 464+ (Arnold 5),
• CPC 6128+ (Arnold 6),
• GX 4000, the Amstrad 8 bit console.

The CPC+ and GX 4000 have enhanced graphics and sound (DMA), colour palette of 4096, hardware sprites, hardware scrolling, and used 128 Ko to 512 Ko carts.

Amstrad used CRTC (Cathodic Ray Tube Controller) from different manufacturers, which worked the same in the main, but do have many different characteristics. This is the reason why a demo designed for CRTC type 1, may not display correctly (or even at all), on a CRTC type 0 :

• CRTC 0 : chipset HD6845S,
• CRTC 1 : chipset UM6845R,
• CRTC 2 : chipset MC6845,
• CRTC 3 : CPC+ Asic,
• CRTC 4 : ?

The KC compact (KC mean KleinComputer = little computer) is a clone of the Amstrad CPC. It was made by VEB Mikroelectronik in East Germany (the old DDR) in 1989. It was made the year before the Berlin wall came down, and ceased production soon after. The KC compact is 95% compatible to the CPC. The functions of the Gate-Array are simulated by TTL-Logic and a Zilog Z8536 CIO. The ROMs are a patched English CPC6128 Operating system ROM (includes setup code for the Z8536) and a unpatched Locomotive BASIC v1.1 rom.

The only incompatibility lies with the interrupt generation mechanism. Any program that relies on exact interrupt generation behaviour may fail to work.

In some respects, the KC compact is actually more powerful than the CPC, because the interrupt frequency can be programmed, in theory the resolution could be reprogrammed, and the colour palette changed (replacing the colour rom). More details are available at http://andercheran.aiind.upv.es/~amstrad

If you can read french and want to learn more about Amstrad CPC history, you should order the excellent book "Ces ordinateurs sont dangereux" by François Quentin (fquentin club-internet.fr) for 25 Euros (postage included, send an international postal order by going to your post office) to :

 François Quentin
 9 Nonneville
 28140 Loigny la Bataille
 FRANCE

Emulators and utilities

Emulators

There is a commercial spectrum emulator for the CPC, reviewed in Amstrad Action.

The best emulator for DOS is Caprice32. For win9x, the emulators are quite good : Arnold, Winape32 and MTMW. All win9x emulators emulates CPC+, NO$CPC is the only DOS emulator which emulates CPC+. On Amiga, Emu-CPC should be the best emulator.

A1.1.1) CPCEMU (PC) 06/25/98

CPCEMU by Marco Vieth, last version is 1.5b1, get ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/emulator/cpcemu15.zip

 A1.1.2) Caprice32 (PC) and CPE (for PC and Amiga) and  04/28/2003

 CPE, first written by Bernd Schmidt and then by Ulrich Doewich
 (report bugs, suggestions to caprice32 cybercube.com) since v5.1

 Get ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/emulator/cpe52.zip, or if you have a
 386, get ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/emulator/cpe51.zip
 For sources : ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/emulator/cpesrc52.zip

 CPE is now replaced by Caprice32, a 32bit emulator for dos (v1.11 or
 2b2) or win9x, get it at :
 http://www.caprice32.cybercube.com

 Amiga CPE (68000, 1 Mo), last version is February 95, get
 ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/emulator/acpe_new.lzh

 A1.1.3) A-CPC (PC) (06/01/97)

 The Amstrad CPC emulator (v0.55beta) by Herman Dullink on PC, get
 ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/emulator/cpc055.zip

 Current beta version is v0.56

 A1.1.4) PC-CPC (PC) 11/07/2004

 A PC version of AMI-CPC by Ludovic Deplanque (see A1.1.7), go
 http://www.chez.com/deplanque/

 A1.1.5) NO$CPC (PC) 02/04/2001

 A german emulator by Martin Korth, go to http://www.work.de/nocash

 A1.1.6) Richard Wilson's emulators 12/23/99

 Richard Wilson (author of ParaDOS) wrote no less than 3 emulators, get
 them at http://winape.emuunlim.com :

 - RWCPC for msdos : ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/emulator/rwcpc.zip
 - CPC emulator for windows 3.1, with debugger and assembler :
   ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/emulator/cpcwin10.zip
 - WinApe 32, the CPC(+) emulator for win9x, comes with a built-in
   compatible Maxam assembler

 A1.1.7) AMI-CPC (Amiga) 07/11/2004

 A french CPC emulator for Amiga, by Ludovic Deplanque, sources included.
 http://www.chez.com/deplanque

 A1.1.8) A-CPC (Amiga)

 A CPC emulator for Amiga by Kevin Thacker. Get
 ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/emulator/acpcde20.lha
 It's an evaluation version of the real shareware. Don't forget the web
 page of Kevin (see A2.2).

 A1.1.9) Emu-CPC (Amiga) 04/15/99

 Another french CPC emulator on AMIGA by Stephane Tavenard, get EmuCPC
 v0.7 at ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/emulator/emucpc07.lzx

 A1.1.10) !CPC (Acorn) 07/18/99

 !CPC is a CPC emulator for Acorn RISC OS machines (Archimedes/RISC PC)
 by Mark RISON. Get ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/emulator/cpc0728.zip

 Get the sources on Lip6 : ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/emulator/cpcs0728.zip

 A1.1.11) !CPCemu (Acorn)

 This emulator for Acorn RISC OS machines is written by Andreas
 Stroiczek, aka Face Hugger. Get v1.10 at
 ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/emulator/cpcem110.zip
 or on ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/acorn/long/emulator
 ftp://ftp.uni-stuttgart.de/pub/systems/acorn/riscos/emulator

 A1.1.12) CPC++ (Unix and MAC) 03/02/2002

 This emulator for SunOS, Linux and MAC is written by Brice Rive.
 Go at  http://bricerive.free.fr/cpc

 A1.1.13) SIMCPC (PC)

 Presumably the first CPC emulator written, for PC XT/AT by GHE,
 Aachen. It is only black and white, with additional ROMs.
 Get ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/emulator/simcpc.zip

 A1.1.14) Multi-Machine, or MTM (win9x) 01/11/2000

 Get MTM v1.30b by Paul Hodgson at ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/emulator/mtmw130b.zip

 MTM is a win9x multi-machine emulator. It emulates Amstrad CPC(+),
 Sinclair ZX80/81 and Spectrum,  Jupiter Ace and Elan Enterprise.
 It can read .WAV or .CDT (digitalized Amstrad tapes).

 A1.1.15) Arnold (win9x, MACos, Unix/Linux), Arnold Jr (Java) 11/08/2004

 A CPC(+) emulator by Kevin Thacker for win9x, get binaries and
 sources at http://arnold.emuunlim.com

 Get the MACos conversion by Richard Bannister at http://www.bannister.org/software/emu.htm

 Andreas Micklei is working on the Linux version, get patches at
 http://arnold.berlios.de/

 Arnold Junior is a different emulator, the emulation is very simple.
 It uses the z80 emulation from Jasper (Spectrum emulator at 
 http://www.spectrum.lovely.net
 The source to Arnold Jnr is available from
 http://www.arnoldemu.freeserve.co.uk

 A1.1.16) Zsim (PC) 05/06/2003

 Zsim v2.42 by Jurgen G. Weber, it simulates a CP/M Z80 machine. It
 DOES NOT simulate CP/M. It includes a PD CP/M  compatible operating
 system and a program to format CP/M disks, so you can run CP/M
 programs. It can read DATA and SYSTEM disks directly.
 http://www.jwi.de/zsim

 A1.1.17) Yage (PC) 07/15/99

 Yage v0.91 by Antoine Pitrou, a CPC emulator which handles demos like
 'The demo' and 'divine megademo'. Get
 ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/emulator/yage091.zip

 A1.1.18) CPCE (msdos/win9x) 05/06/2003

 A spanish Amstrad CPC emulator for msdos/win9x by CNGSOFT, go
 http://cpce.emuunlim.com

 A1.1.19) CPC-emulator (Linux/Unix) 02/05/2001

 CPC-emulator for Linux/Unix with X11 version 023 by Ulrich Cordes,
 features .DSK (with large formats : 720 Ko), sound, debugger.
 go http://www.amstrad-cpc.de

 A1.1.20) M.E.S.S. (PC, MAC, Amiga) 10/23/2001

 Multi-Emulator Super System (Amstrad CPC, PCW, and NC) is available
 on : http://www.mess.org

 For using PcW16 emulation, get ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/misc/pcwos.zip

 A1.1.21) Arnimedes (PC) 05/06/2003

 Arnimedes for msdos and win9x, by Oliver Lenz, get it at http://www.arnimedes.de

 A1.1.22) XCPC (Unix/X11R6) 10/24/2001

 An Amstrad CPC emulator by Olivier Poncet for unix and X11R6 at :
 http://xcpc.emuunlim.com

 A1.1.23 CoPaCabana (win9x) 05/06/2003

 A french windows Amstrad CPC emulator at :
 http://copacabana.emuunlim.com

 A1.2) Utilities

 A1.2.1) SNA2GIF (PC)

 SNA2GIF v1.1 by Marco Vieth is included in CPCEMU, it extracts
 screens from snapshots to GIF format.

 A1.2.2) SNAP GRAB (PC)

 SNAP GRAB v1.1 is a freeware by Georg Schwarz to extract screens from
 snapshots to Multiface II format, which can be seen on real CPC even
 with a multiface. If you want to see the picture on your PC, you will
 need CPC2x (see A1.2.3), get SNAPGR11.ZIP.

 A1.2.3) CPC2x (was CPC to TIFF) (PC)

 CPC2x v2.0 by Michael Stroucken converts Amstrad CPC screens to the
 graphic TIF and GIF format. Get CPC2X.ZIP with sources and
 binaries for MSDOS and CP/M.

 A1.2.4) CPC file system (PC) 06/08/2004

 CPCfs v0.85.3 by Derik van Zutphen, it transfers CPC files between .DSK
 files and DOS files, in the two ways. There is a useful batch mode.
 http://www.426.ch/cpcfs/

 Better get CPCXFS, the updated version by Kevin Thacker which
 supports now extended .DSK, bugs removed, other updates, at :
 http://andercheran.aiind.upv.es/~amstrad

 A1.2.5) Multiface II to Snapshot (PC)

 M2TOSNA v1.1 by James McKay converts CPC Multiface II files to 64
 Ko and 128 Ko snapshots files. Look for M2TOSNA1.ZIP.

  A1.2.6) CPDread and CPDwrite (PC) 06/03/99

 Copy Protected Disk reader v3.24 by Ulrich Doewich, for transferring
 CPC disks into the common DSK file format of CPC emulators. It uses
 the extended DSK format which manages copy protected disks better.
 Get CPDR324.ZIP

 CPDwrite v1.03, for writing back .DSK to a disk, even with protected
 games, get CPDW103.ZIP

 A1.2.7) MACTerm (MAC)

 Transfer files between CPC and MAC with a parallel cable, get CPCTERM.ZIP

 A1.2.8) 22disk (PC) 08/06/2000

 22disk is a shareware utility by Sydex (http://www.sydex.com) which
 can read/write/format CP/M disks on PC. It can read CPC disks formats
 with a file called CPMDISKS.DEF which comes with CPCEMU, or EURO.DEF
 (ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/emu-uti/eurodef.zip) or my
 own file (ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/emu-uti/gen8-def.zip).
 You shouldn't use it under OS/2 or win95, unless you have the last
 version (ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/emu-uti/22dsk144.zip).

 Sydex has removed 22disk since 2000 from public distribution, but is
 still for sale on their web site.

 A1.2.9) DIC (PC) 06/14/97

 Disc Image Copier by Tim Rieman, transfer DATA and SYSTEM disc from
 CPC to PC with a parallel cable, get :
 ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/emu-uti/dic130.zip

 For conversion from PC to CPC, see A1.2.11

 A1.2.10) AIFF decoder (Unix, PC, Amiga) 02/28/2000

 AIFF decoder by Pierre Guerrier, a tool for retrieving data from
 sampled Amstrad CPC tapes, C sources included. Get programs from :

 - MSDOS port v1.2 by Ulrich Doewich :
   ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/emu-uti/pcdcdr12.zip
 - Amiga port by Kevin Thacker :
   ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/emu-uti/amiaiff.lzh

 A1.2.11) PC2CPC (PC)

 PC2CPC v2.0 by James Churchill converts CPC emulator EDSK images to 3"
 disks via the CPCEMU parallel link, look for
 ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/emu-uti/pc2cpc.zip

 For conversion from CPC 3" disk to PC .DSK see A1.2.9

 A1.2.12) DSK-CPC (CPC) 09/01/99

 DSK-CPC by Divine Coding reads a .DSK or .EDSK image from a 3.5" 
 720Kb DOS disc in drive B and writes the image to a CPC disc, thus

recreating the original software disc. It can can cope with copy- protected software. Get it at :

 ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/disk/DSK-CPC.ZIP

 A1.2.13) CPCKEY (PC) 06/08/2001

 CpcKey v0.3 for msdos use the CPCEMU parallel link for :

 - command/replace CPC keyboard with the PC keyboard,
 - send files between CPC and PC
 - modify the CPC memory, poke during games
 - automatic procedures, etc...
 - compatible Intel HEX format

 A1.2.14) SEND2 (CPC) 06/15/97

 SEND2 v1.2 by J.GUEZENNEC (jguezenn icor.fr) is a complete parallel
 transfer package which is an amelioration of CPCPARA.BAS :

 - 3" disk transfer (DATA, SYSTEM, IBM),
 - ROM transfers,
 - tape transfers.

 A1.2.15) TransCPC

 CPC transfile project, a project aimed at simulating a small file
 system on the Amstrad CPC with the files being stored on a PC hard
 disk. The project is complete, there is no plan to improve it. Get
 ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/emulator/transcpc.zip
 The CPC asm code needs Devpac or similar to be compiled, and any PC
 assembler for the PC asm code.

 A1.2.16) ReadScr (PC)

 A PC utility for ms-dos by Ark for viewing Amstrad CPC screens, with
 palettes or not, get ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/graphic/readscr.zip

 A1.2.17 CPC2TAPE (PC) 08/16/99

 A dos utility (comes with C sources) to transfer Amstrad files from
 a PC to the CPC directly via the sound card, or to tapes, get
 ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/emu-uti/cpc2tape.zip

 A1.2.18) SLIP/IP stack 04/24/99

 A SLIP/IP stack developped by Mark Rison for Amstrad
 CPC6128s with Amstrad serial interfaces. Using this, you can
 establish a SLIP connection from your Amstrad and then ping it. To

• find out more, go to http://www.nenie.org/cpcip/

 It's probably easiest if you connect your CPC to a Linux box,
 using a null modem, and the instructions assume this, but there's
 no reason in principle why you couldn't connect via a modem.

 A2) Sources of emulators, ROMs and programs

 ROMs are now included with CPCEMU and CPE, with the permission of
 Amstrad and Locomotive Software.

 If you have ROMs on a romboard, you can get them for use with an
 emulator, get CPCEMU, it comes with a basic program to transfer a ROM
 to a file.

 A2.0) IRC 07/24/2004

 You can exchange files with Internet Relay Chat, but its primary goal
 is to chat with other internet users.

 - #CPC, every days on IRCNet
 - #CPC, on irc.emm.fr
 - #CPC on irc.neoxys.org port 6667

 A2.1) FTP sites 07/31/2004

 If you have problems accessing FTP sites, use the following method :

 ftp://anonymous@ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/emulator/cpcemu15.zip

 - ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad, thanks to Remy Card,
   http://genesis8.free.fr/files.php (HTML front-end with
   the list of all files, size and description included).

   all questions about this site should be directed to roussin noos.fr

 - ftp://andercheran.aiind.upv.es/pub/cpc/ADATE, thanks to Sergio Bayarri
 or creating the site, and to Kevin Thacker for maintaining it. Send
 what you have in /pub/cpc/ADATE/incoming. This site contains tape
 images (.cdt) and disk images (.dsk). The aim of this site is to
 preserve games, so only original games are allowed. No hacked or
 modified games will be allowed. Please see the documentation at this
 site about creating tape-images using existing tools. (voc2tzx)

 - ftp://ftp.nvg.ntnu.no/pub/cpc, thanks to Arnt Gulbrandsen for
   creating the site, and to Nicholas Campbell for maintaining it.
   Send what you have in /pub/cpc/incoming or email to nich otto.org,
   look  for the HTML front-end : http://tacgr.emuunlim.com

 - ftp://ftp.math.uni-hamburg.de/pub/misc/cpc_emu
   mirror of ftp.nvg.ntnu.no

 - ftp://ftp.demon.co.uk/pub/cpm, thanks to Paul Martin, specific
   Amstrad CP/M related files.

 - http://www.cantrell.org.uk/mirrors, mirror of lip6 and nvg

 - Two Mag FTP site

 A2.2) WWW 07/24/2004

 You will find them at :

 - http://genesis8.free.fr
   the FAQ maintainer homepage with Amstrad news and more !

 Three other important web sites :

 - http://www.amstrad.com
   the official Amstrad web site

 - http://andercheran.aiind.upv.es/~amstrad
   the biggest Amstrad web page by Kevin Thacker

 - http://web.ukonline.co.uk/cliff.lawson/
   Cliff Lawson's site about all Amstrad computers range, even the PC ones    

 A2.3) BBS 07/31/2004

 Informations removed indefinitely.

 A2.4) Using programs with emulators or real CPC

 A2.4.1) DSK files

 These files are images of a disk, you "insert" a disk with F3 in
 CPCEMU, and F6 with CPE, then you can type CAT to see the files,
 RUN"file_name" to run a program (.BAS or .BIN).

 A2.4.2) CPC files 11/07/2004

 Three solutions to use plain CPC files :

 a) put them in the TAPE directory, type |TAPE then the usual RUN"

 b) WinAPE comes with a ROM image called CPCDOS. Simply select the ROM
 (probably best below AMSDOS in ROM 6), then you can use |DOS,
 |DOS.IN, |DOS.OUT, |CD
 
 c) inject them in a .DSK file with CPCFS (see A1.2.4) :

 - create an empty .DSK : CPCFS -nd empty.dsk (you can omit the .dsk)
 - inject files : CPCFS empty -mp *.* (the files must be in the
   current directory, the DSK can be somewhere else)

 To extract files from a .DSK : CPCFS image.dsk -mg *.*

 XTI by Pierre Guerrier can also put amsdos files into a DSK.
 Note that there are MAC and Amiga ports of XTI.

 A2.4.3) How to run programs with a CPC or emulator ?

 Type CAT to get the directory of the disk, mostly programs are run
 with a BASIC loader, so looks for *.BAS, then type RUN"name.BAS" (.BAS
 can be omitted). If there isn't a basic loader, run the .BINary
 program directly :  type RUN"name.BIN" (.BIN can be omitted).

 Some disks doesn't have a real directory, and must be launched with
 the CP/M command : |CPM.

 For running tapes on a real CPC, type RUN", the CPC will launch the
 first program on the tape.

 A2.4.4) How to format a disk 01/03/2003

 On a CPC, use the formatting utility on your CP/M disk (diskit) or
 the following basic program :

 5 ' QuickFormat by Adrian Forbes
 10 MODE 1:PRINT"Please Wait..."
 20 GOSUB 150
 30 MODE 1
 40 INPUT "(D)ata or (V)endor";f$
 50 PRINT "Sure (Y/N)"
 60 a$=INKEY$:IF a$="" THEN 60
 70 IF LOWER$(a$)<>"y" THEN GOTO 60
 80 MODE 1
 90 PRINT"Insert disc to format in drive A":PRINT"Then press a key..."
 100 CALL &BB18
 110 MODE 1
 120 PRINT"Formatting..."
 130 |QF,f$
 140 GOTO 30
 150 ch=0
 160 add=&4000
 170 ln=310
 180 FOR x=1 TO 8
 190 READ a$:a=VAL("&"+a$)
 200 POKE add,a
 210 add=add+1
 220 ch=ch+a
 230 NEXT
 240 READ ch$
 250 IF ch 'put 'not equal to' here, cant do it in HTML' VAL("&"+ch$) THEN PRINT"Error in line";ln:END
 260 ln=ln+10
 270 ch=0
 280 IF ln 'put "not equal to' here, cant do it in HTML' 510 THEN GOTO 180
 290 CALL &4000
 300 RETURN
 310 DATA 21,8D,40,01,91,40,C3,D1,354
 320 DATA BC,FE,01,C0,21,9A,40,06,37C
 330 DATA 09,36,00,23,36,00,23,36,F1
 340 DATA 00,23,36,02,23,10,F2,21,1A1
 350 DATA 88,40,CD,D4,BC,22,89,40,410
 360 DATA DD,6E,00,DD,66,01,23,5E,310
 370 DATA 23,56,1A,FE,44,CA,80,40,35F
 380 DATA FE,64,CA,80,40,3E,41,32,39D
 390 DATA 8C,40,11,00,00,06,28,C5,1D0
 400 DATA 21,9A,40,7A,06,09,77,23,21E
 410 DATA 23,23,23,10,F9,3A,8C,40,278
 420 DATA 06,05,21,9C,40,CD,73,40,288
 430 DATA 06,04,21,A0,40,CD,73,40,28B
 440 DATA 21,9A,40,DF,89,40,14,C1,378
 450 DATA 10,D5,C9,77,23,23,23,23,2B1
 460 DATA 23,23,23,23,3C,10,F4,C9,295
 470 DATA 3E,C1,32,8C,40,C3,3F,40,33F
 480 DATA 86,00,00,07,00,00,00,00,8D
 490 DATA 00,97,40,C3,09,40,C9,51,2FD
 500 DATA C6,00,20,00,00,00,00,00,E6
 510 DATA end

 On a PC, use 22disk, look for A128

 A2.5) Buying hardware/software

A2.5.1) Auctions sites

 Auctions sites like http://www.ebay.com are good places to find
 hardware and software

 A2.5.2) Emmaüs (only in France)

 It's possible to find interesting things in Emmaüs shops, like at
 Trappes http://www.emmaus-trappes.com/informatique 

 A2.5.3) Tradinpost

 - You can buy a selection of games cartridges for the CPC+ and the
   GX4000, cartridges are unboxed and without instructions. Price £7.99
   each including postage and packing in United Kingdom, also programs
   for CPC/PCW, go at http://www.tradeinpost.com

   John Thackeray (email : Tradingpost btinternet.com)
   Trade in Post
   Victoria Road
   Shifnal
   Shropshire TF11 8AF
   Tel/Fax : 00 44 (0)1952 462135

 A3) Transfer between CPC and PC

 Later mentions of DDI-1 can also be replaced by FD-1 (which comes
 without the interface for the 464)

 A3.1.1) 3" drive on PC (part one) 10/22/2002

• A working solution on http://www.fvempel.nl/3pc.html

 A3.1.2) 3" drive on PC (part two) 01/11/2000

 Porting files across from CPC to PC is easy, at least, if you have
 a DDI-1 disk drive !  You need to follow exactly these instructions.
 As is usual with things like this, you do everything entirely at your
 own risk. I have done this on my own PC without damaging it, but
 cannot guarantee that it will work with yours. If you do damage your
 computer, it is YOUR FAULT.

 Note of the FAQ keeper, I have a report of someone trying out the
 following instructions, who had his controller burnt, and another
 whose 3" drive died, so beware.

 These instructions only apply to the DDI-1 package. They MAY work with
 the FD1 3" second drive, and will definitely NOT work with the
 internal drives on 6128s, 664s, and 6128+s.

 Install 22DISK! You will need to tell it you have no A: drive, and
 that B: is a 360K drive, physical unit 0, on the Primary adapter, with
 step-rate of 12 milli-seconds. You will also need the CPMDISKS.DEF
 file from CPCEMU.

 0 Install 22DISK with CPMDISKS.DEF coming with CPCEMU or the one from
 EURODEF.ZIP

 1 open your PC, following all usual precautions such as turning off
 the power and discharging any static electricity on your body!

 2 Unplug any floppy drives. This step is important. (See note 1)

 3 Find the connector that is meant for the B: drive. (It is probably
 on the same cable as the connector for the A: drive. The A: connector
 has a twist in it. The B: connector is the other one!)

 4 Plug it into your DDI-1 drive unit. You may have to file the keyway
 on the connector off. (Different  PCs have different keyways on their
 connectors, so you may not have to attack it with a file. So much for
 standardisation!)

 5 Turn the DDI-1 drive on first, then the PC. When it does the
 Power-on test, press DEL to enter the setup menu (you have got an AMI
 BIOS haven't you?). Tell it you have no A: drive and a 360K 5.25" B:
 drive. (See note 2)

 6 Use 22DISK to read (not under OS/2 or windows 95), write and format
 your 3" disks to your heart's content ! You could also use ANADISK I
 suppose.

 7 When you've finished, restore the machine its original state. As
 well as using CPC disks, you'll probably be able to use Spectrum  3
 disks if you have an appropriate  CPMDISKS.DEF.  If of course you want
 to use Speccy disks...

 Note 1 : Amstrad's disk drive is reasonably standard, but not quite!
 When you install it, it claims to be both your physical drive 0 and
 physical drive 1. As such, if you expect it to be just drive 1 (B:),
 and leave unit 0 (A:) still plugged in, it will promptly ram the heads
 of unit 0 hard against the end stop, promptly trashing your unit 0. I
 found this the hard way, and had to buy a new 3.5" floppy drive.

 Note 2 : If you don't have an AMI BIOS, then this will be different.
 You may have to run a program from a system disk which came with your
 computer.

 The pin-outs of the 3" drive are _identical_ to the ones of a 5.25"
 drive - it will just plug in. It's a long time since I was inside my
 Einstein, but I'm pretty sure that drive is a 40track SS unit - what a
 PC would call a 180K drive. Things like the Disk Change line may be
 different, but if you set up your PC to ignore that (and possibly tell
 it it's a 360K drive), you should be OK.

 I've used a 3" drive (actually a Double-sided model) with an original
 IBM XT in this way.

 A reply to the last two paragraphs :

 It actually depends on the type of 3" drive. Some of them had a 34 way
 connector like the IBM PC 5.25 " drive (i.e. PCB gold plated edge
 connector) and are compatible. Genuine Amstrad drives on the other hand
 have a 26-way PCB header which contains all the useful signals, although
 some have been removed.

 I remember, that the 34 way connectors are only nearly compatible. In
 those days around 1985, I connected a CPC 464 External drive to
 another CPM computer with standard 5.25" drives like the PC-drives.
 It was necessary to swap the lines since the pin numbering was mirrored
 compared to the standard.

 I also think that the exact layout depends on the version of the
 computer (CPC 464/664/6128). So be careful and do not ruin your
 hardware by building sh circuits! (It shouldn't be very difficult to
 verify which are the GND-lines )

 A complement to this reply

 The Amstrad and PC disk connections are as follows:

 26 pin Amstrad disk drive:

 Index   2       *       *       1       GND
 DS0     4       *       *       3       GND
 DS1     6       *       *       5       GND
 Motor   8       *       *       7       GND
 Dirn    10      *       *       9       GND
 Step    12      *       *       11      GND
 Wdata   14      *       *       13      GND
 Wenable 16      *       *       15      GND
 Track0  18      *       *       16      GND
 WProt   20      *       *       19      GND
 Rdata   22      *       *       21      GND
 Side    24      *       *       23      GND
 N.C ?   26      *       *       25      GND

 34 pin Standard disk drive:

 Head Load       2       *       *       1       GND
 In Use ?        4       *       *       3       GND
 DS3             6       *       *       5       GND
 Index           8       *       *       7       GND
 DS0             10      *       *       9       GND
 DS1             12      *       *       11      GND
 DS2             14      *       *       13      GND
 Motor           16      *       *       15      GND
 Dirn            18      *       *       17      GND
 Step            20      *       *       19      GND
 Wdata           22      *       *       21      GND
 Wenable         24      *       *       23      GND
 Track0          26      *       *       25      GND
 WProt           28      *       *       27      GND
 Rdata           30      *       *       29      GND
 Side            32      *       *       31      GND
 N.C. ?          34      *       *       33      GND

 Note that on the Amstrad drive, DS3 and DS2 are missing.

 The pins marked with a ? may have been redefined on some
 drives (e.g. on high density PC drives, one of them is used
 to change the drive current - I can't remember which now),
 also on very old single sided drives, the Side signal used to
 be used to reset the drive. If you are using a 34 way
 connector drive in an Amstrad, you may want to hard wire
 Head Load to be permanently enabled (if it is used - not
 all drives do).

 A3.1.3) 3" drive on PC (part three) 02/17/98

 Here is other information by Juan Perez Delgado, as I know nothing
 of hardware, be cautious. This doesn't apply for Schneider drives.

 1. Read all first

 2. Then you open your PC, and unplug and take off the cable that goes
     from the FD controller to the FD drives. The cable looks something
     like this:  (including the twist between the B: and A: connectors)
    (ctlr = Floppy Disc Controller)

   to FD ctler    to B: drive to A: drive
        /-\         /-\         /-\
       2 -|---------|-|---------|-|2
       4 -|---------|-|---------|-|4
       6 -|---------|-|---------|-|6
       8 -|---------|-|---------|-|8
       10-|---------|-|-\  /----|-|10  ) 16 of ctler, A: thinks it is 10
       12-|---------|-|- \/ ----|-|12  ) 14 of ctler, A: thinks it is 12
       14-|---------|-|- /\ ----|-|14  ) 12 of ctler, A: thinks it is 14
       16-|---------|-|-/  \----|-|16  ) 10 of ctler, A: thinks it is 16
       18-|---------|-|---------|-|18
       20-|---------|-|---------|-|20
       22-|---------|-|---------|-|22
       24-|---------|-|---------|-|24
       26-|---------|-|---------|-|26
       28-|---------|-|---------|-|28
       30-|---------|-|---------|-|30
       32-|---------|-|---------|-|32
       34-|---------|-|---------|-|34
        \-/         \-/         \-/

 3. Using a screwdriver and a cutter I reordered the wires that go to
      the A: drive (I left some of them not connected):

   to FD ctler.   to B: drive    to A: drive
        /-\         /-\
       2 -|---------|-|-------              You can see that signals
       4 -|---------|-|-------              2,4,6,10(16 from the ctler)
       6 -|---------|-|-------                 are not used.
       8 -|---------|-|---------\
       10-|---------|-|-\  /-nc  \-|-| 2 (connected to ctler pin 8)
       12-|---------|-|- \/ -------|-| 4
       14-|---------|-|- /\ -------|-| 6
       16-|---------|-|-/  \-------|-| 8
       18-|---------|-|------------|-| 10
       20-|---------|-|------------|-| 12
       22-|---------|-|------------|-| 14
       24-|---------|-|------------|-| 16
       26-|---------|-|------------|-| 18
       28-|---------|-|------------|-| 20
       30-|---------|-|------------|-| 22
       32-|---------|-|------------|-| 24
       34-|---------|-|------------|-| 26
       \-/          \-/            |-| 28
                                   |-| 30
                                   |-| 32
                                   |-| 34
                                   \-/

     Of course, odd pins must be connected to wires of ground (odd
     pins in the drive with odd pins in the ctler, doesn't matter the
     number).

 4. Next, you open the CPC6128, and get the 3"FD, unplug only the cable
     that comes from the controller (the one in the 26-pin connector).

 5. Plug-in the cable you have 'build' in step 3 to the FD cntler (as it
     was before you disconnected it), and connect the CPC 3"FD to the
     connector whose wires you have reordered. As the connector is 34 pin
     wide, and the drive is 26-pin, there will be a side not connected
     (corresponding to pins 28 to 34).

     Now you have the controller cable from the PC controller connected to
     the 3" drive. I think you can still connect another driver to the
     other free connector, but I didn't try it because I read some people
     have burned its controller doing similar things. You leave the power
     cable of the 3" drive connected to the CPC, as it was before.

 6. Now, you switch on your CPC (monitor, then keyboard). The FD will
     start running continuously.

 7. Now, you switch on your PC. If all is Ok, nothing should burn :), and
     the 3" FD will stop running. Then in the bios setup you tell you have
     a 360Kb 5.25" drive A. You boot the PC again if needed.

 8. In order to use with CPDRead, you must set your drive
     (cpdread.cfg) as a 360Ko drive with 360Ko disks, and you must set
     #STEP to 2)

     #STEP set to 1 worked for somebody else.

 A3.2.1) 3,5" or 5,25" drive on CPC 06/29/98

 See A5.2 after installing your new drive.

 You can use a 3.5" or 5.25" drive on a CPC. You have to take care
 about the cabling, as some 6128s use a 36 pin port and the drive only
 has 34. A normal PC floppy cable (5 connector) can be used to connect
 drives, although some connectors may need changing. The six problems
 which can arrive are:

 - The drive has no ready signal. That is true for some older PC
   drives. In this case, forget it, if you are not able to solder some
   IC's to simulate the signal.

 - You can only use one side of the disk (180k). If you want to use
   both sides, you have to solder in a switch, or get another DOS
   (Vortex XDOS or Dobbertin X-DDOS), the best DOS is ParaDOS.

 - High-density drives have a hi/lo signal not present on CPCs which
   may cause problems, it is probably best to use older 720k drives.

 - Some 5.25" drives, namely 720k QD drives, may cause problems,
   however these are not very common and so shouldn't be a cause for
   concern.

 - Drives may not work properly on the CPC by giving read errors and
   seek errors, etc. The first thing to do in this event is to clean
   the edge connector on the CPC with some IPA (head cleaner fluid),
   and then clean the drive heads in the same way if necessary.

 - The jumper setting on the drive is wrong. On older 5.25" drives
   you may find that they have been set to Drive 0 (DS0), in which case
   you need to set the drive to drive 1 (DS1) or use a PC drive cable
   which has a twist in it.

 To copy disks from 3" in drive A to 3.5"/5.25" in drive B 

the best method is to use Disckit2/3 that comes with CP/M, depending on

 which version you have. If Disckit3 doesn't work, Procopy can tackle
 most disks, and runs from drive B so you can copy it across to your CPC
 fairly easily. You can read the CPC disks on the PC with 22DISK from
 Sydex, or Ulrich Doewich's CPDRead, see A1.2.6 and A1.2.8.

 The following diagram is a pin table comparing a modern 1.44Mb 3.5"
 drive to the drive B connector on a CPC, which you may find useful.
 Note that although the CPC connector is numbered backward, it is still
 directly compatible.

   1.44Mb 3.5" drive:                  CPC drive B connector

   All odd pins: Ground -------------> All even pins: Ground
   2: Hi/lo density -----------------> 33: N/C
   4: N/C ---------------------------> 31: N/C
   6: N/C ---------------------------> 29: N/C
   8: Index -------------------------> 27: Index
   10: Motor enable A ---------------> 25: N/C
   12: Drive select B ---------------> 23: Drive select 1 (B)
   14: Drive select A ---------------> 21: N/C
   16: Motor Enable B ---------------> 19: Motor On
   18: Direction select -------------> 17: Direction Select
   20: Head Step --------------------> 15: Step
   22: Write data -------------------> 13: Write data
   24: Write gate -------------------> 11: Write gate
   26: Track 00 ---------------------> 9: Track 0
   28: Write protect ----------------> 7: Write protect
   30: Read data --------------------> 5: Read data
   32: Head select ------------------> 3: Side 1 select
   34: Disk change ------------------> 1: Ready

 A detailed guide more specific to 5.25" drives can be found at the All
 Things CPC website, and there is also information at the other CPC
 sites, see A2.2.

 A3.2.2) 3,5" or 5,25" drive on CPC+ (by Simon Matthews)

 See A5.2 after installing your new drive.

 Adding a 3.5" drive to the CPC 6128 was a doddle - 34 way card edge
 connector on one end, 34 way IDC on the other end and you were away.

 The numbering on the pins was pretty easy, too.  Looking at the
 connector  from the BACK of the machine, Pins 1 to 33 (odd) ran from
 left to right along the bottom, pins 2 to 34 (even) ran from left to
 right along the top.  All of the top pins were grounded, and pin 1
 (bottom left) was the READY line, which by convention would be denoted
 by the "stripe" of the ribbon cable.  At the other end, a simple IDC
 plug connected to the external drive, usually with the "stripe"
 nearest to the power connector.

 The problem with the CPC+ is that the connector on the back of the
 computer is 36-way, not 34 and is numbered back to front as well.  So,
 looking at the connector from the BACK of the machine again, pins 1 to
 35 (odd) ran from RIGHT TO LEFT on the top of the connector, and pins
 2 to 36 (even) ran from RIGHT TO LEFT on the bottom of the connector.
 Again, all of the even pins were grounded.  Here's where it gets
 tricky...

 This time, pin 33 is READY, pin 31 is SIDE 1 SELECT all the way to pin
 7 which is INDEX.  In other words, the lines are in the same order,
 but different pin numbers.  It all sounds quite hectic, but it's easy
 to sort out in practice.

 Firstly, take a length of 34-way ribbon cable and crimp the 34-way
 IDC connector on as usual.  At the other end, peel away the cable on
 the other side of the "stripe" for a few centimetres. Now
 place this cable in the 36way Amphenol connector so that the stripe
 corresponds to pin 33; in other words, make sure the LEFTMOST 3
 blades are left empty. The other edge of the cable should be lying on
 the RIGHTMOST blade, with the wire you peeled away not connected to
 anything.

                 ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
    "stripe" --->|||||||34 WAY RIBBON CABLE||||||||
                 ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
                 ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| \
                 |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||  \ <--- Peel away
                 |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Goes to pin 33->||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| <--- Goes to pin 1
                 |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
      pin 35  ---------------------------------------  pin 1
              \                                       /
               \       36 WAY AMPHENOL CONNECTOR     /
         pin 36 ------------------------------------- pin 2

            * LEFTMOST 3 pins (36,35,34) NOT CONNECTED *

 Double check all is Ok, then crimp together.  Now you can test the
 cable on your external drive.  If the drive is unresponsive, or just
 spins constantly, try plugging the IDC cable in the other way around;
 most drives want the "stripe" nearest to the power connector, but a
 few want it the other way around.

 I know it sounds complex, but have a look at the pin-out diagrams and
 it's not too bad.

 A3.3) parallel cable 06/08/2001

 The CPCEMU emulator has documentation on how to make such
 a cable yourself and includes utilities for both the PC and CPC that
 allow two-way communication and file transfer. However CPCPARA.BAS
 supplied in this package can extract files from CPC disk drives, not
 those saved on cassette tape. For files on tape, see A1.2.14.

 following line to be removed on next FAQ
 See A8.1.1.1 for getting this cable in France.

 If you have a problem with PCPARA.BAS, coming with CPCEMU, load the
 program into the emulator (put it in the TAPE directory) and save it
 as an ascii file with this command : SAVE"PCPARA.BAS",A
 or use SEND2

 A3.4) RS 232 & RS 422

 Neither the CPC nor the PCW have a RS 232. You can buy it, you then
 just need a communication program on PC and CPC/PCW and a null modem
 cable to exchange files between the computers.

 Get ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/misc/rs232cpc.lzh for a circuit plan for
 a RS 232 interface, by Tim Riemann.

 A3.5) Companies

 Commercial companies can transfer your files

 A3.5.1) Locoscript Software (was Locomotive Software) 05/08/2000

 The Locomotive name and products has been sold to SD Micros (SD
 Microsystems Ltd). For sales write to sales locomotive.com,
 for support write to support locomotive.com

 See C3.1

 A3.5.2) Rowansoft

 Contact Tony Gill at tgill alystra.win-uk.net for rates.

 ROWANSOFT, ROWANCRAIG, ARDFERN,
 BY LOCHGILPHEAD, ARGYLL, PA31 8QN
 Tel. 01852 500 257

 A3.5.3) Holland Numerics Ltd 09/07/97

 Converts PCW data to PC format. A price list can be obtained by email
 from phil.holland bcs.org.uk on the web page :
 http://www.hollandnumerics.demon.co.uk/PCWPRICE.HTM
 or by post from:

 Philip R Holland
 Holland Numerics Ltd
 94 Green Drift
 Royston
 Herts SG8 5BT
 United Kingdom

 A3.5.4) David Simpson

 David Simpson  (email : DAS picknowl.com.au)
 PO Box 187
 Mitcham Shopping Centre
 South Australia  5062
 Ph +61-8-83731693

 Contact me for rates.

 I also supply belts and/or do the replacement for 3" drives

 I am the contact for Amstrad Computer Club Incorporated in South
 Australia.

 The club meets weekly on Tuesday evenings between 6:30 and 9:00pm at
 Torrensville Primary School, Hayward Avenue, Torrensville, SA. While
 the club is primarily a no-brand PC compatibles club, I and several
 other members are familiar with CPC and PCW machines and are only too
 happy to help.

 A3.6) Tapes 03/28/2002

 A3.6.1) Using AIFF decoder 03/28/2002

 - digitalize the tape as AIFF or WAV files, using Cool Edit for example,
 - use AIFFdecoder (A1.2.10) for transforming an AIFF file to
   plain Amstrad files to put in the TAPE directory  of an emulator,
  or use CPCFS (A1.2.4) to put the files into a .DSK,
 - run the Multi-Machine emulator which can directly read .WAV files.

 You can use CPC2TAPE (A1.2.17) to transfer a tape directly from PC to CPC.

 A3.6.2) Using vox2tzx and playtzx 03/28/2002

 Voc2tzx is an utility to transfer cassette programs into CDT tape
 images for use with emulators. There are instructions at the ADATE
 archive which describe how to identify and convert various loading
 systems.

 Playtzx is an utility to convert CDT tape images to a real cassette
 for use on a real CPC. You can play the CDT through the sound card of
 your PC.

 Get voc2tzx and playtzx at Word of Spectrum

 A4) Maps, solutions, pokes, basic loaders ?

 A4.1) Maps & Solutions 02/14/2000

 Post solutions in the newsgroup, I will store them on lip6.

 - http://hjem.get2net.dk/gunn
   A lot of adventure games solutions

 - WOS games maps
    a lot of games maps

 A4.2) Pokes 03/05/99

 Starting with CPCEMU 1.3 you can easily poke games with an external
 database file. If you have new pokes, send them to
 tous club-internet.fr which maintains a database for CPCEMU. The last
 database is 1.641 pokes for 576 games, get
 ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/emu-uti/mix09.zip

 Amstrad CPC poke database (for CPCEMU), you can submit your pokes to
 be added in the database : http://andercheran.aiind.upv.es/~sergio/cpc

 A5) Hardware problems

 A5.1) Internal drive 07/22/2000

 If you have the error : 'disk missing', the drive belt should be the
 problem. The best solution is to come with your old belt in an
 electronics shop and see the available belts. You should look for
 one with the dimensions 72mm x 3 mm x 0.5 mm (although I believe it is
 OK to use belts in the length range of 69-72 mm long and either 3 or
 4mm wide).

 You can find belts at Paris (75011), reference Koenig 7093.00 at
 Espace Composants Electronique, 66 rue de Montreuil, métro Nation,
 phone 01 43 72 30 64, fax 01 43 72 30 67 (http://www.ibcfrance.fr)

 Cibotronic at Paris (France) used to sell them, but they
 don't have them anymore. The reference was MASTER type CR 4092,
 dimensions 71.0 x  0.6 x 2.8 mm.

 An U.K. address : Andre Howard at 65 Altyre Way, Beckenham, Kent BR3
 3ED. Price is #2.25 (UK pounds) including P&P.

 Still in U.K., CPC components sells them as reference AVBELT3 for 18
 pences. Phone (01772) 654455.

 Pinboard Computers can supply belts, email to Pinboardcomputers btinternet.com

 A working reference in U.K. : maplins reference RK99.

 For Germany, see A8.1.4.4 and A8.1.4.5

 Now it is time to change the belt of an Amstrad CPC 6128/6128+ :
 - open the CPC by unscrewing the screws at the back of the CPC,
 without disconnecting anything. For a CPC+ there are screws and 3
 clips,
 - unscrew the drive from the CPC,
 - disconnect the 2 cables (data and electricity),
 - if you have a CPC+, get out the drive from its metallic place, there
 are 4 screws and you have to push the drive,
 - put the drive to let you see the green electronic card,
 - unscrew the card from the drive,
 - disconnect the items which goes from the card to the drive to let
 you lift enough the card and see the belt (you wont be able to detach
 completely the card from the drive),
 - remove the belt with your fingers or a screwdriver. In all cases,
  keep always the drive with the head down, or a nail will fall.
 It is used for the detection of write protection.
 - buy a new belt (see above),
 - put the new belt, reconnect all items, screw again the green
 electronic card, reconnect the drive to the CPC, close the CPC.

 The other possibility is a fault with the index hole detection.  As
 well as the large shutter on a 3" disc, there is also a smaller one
 through which the disc drive can watch for the index hole to go past.
 There is a LED and an associated detector that watch for this, and if
 either has gone wrong or got covered in dust you may get disc missing
 messages.

 A5.2) External drive 05/15/99

 See A3.2.1 and A3.2.2 for adding a 5,25" or 3,5" drive to your CPC.
 Then, when the drive is installed, you can't format your disk to the
 full 720 Ko unless you have a ROM box and another operating system
 such as RoDOS, ROMDOS (not CPC+ compatible) or ParaDOS (the best one).
 Parados recognise all ROMDOS formats and can replace ROM slot 7
 (Amsdos).

 A5.3) Components

 The place to go for CPC spares is (coincidentally) a company called
 CPC Spares in United Kingdom, at +44 1772 654477.

 There are 3 Gate Array, two types being used on 464 (a very old cpc uses
 400007, the newer ones have 400010).

 The AM40007 is the type used in most CPC464's and they should be
 available from CPC Ltd. +44 1772 654455. They're gonna be expensive
 though, probably about 25-35 pounds.

 A6) How can I help the Amstrad world ?

 A6.1) Updating the FAQ

 By sending corrections, modifications, new informations for this FAQ
 to roussin noos.fr

 A6.2) Commercial games becoming freeware 07/31/2004

 If you know addresses of authors who wrote programs on CPC/PCW, send
 me their address, I will write them to ask the persmission for letting
 their games to become freeware or shareware (they still will retain
 the copyright, even after all these years).

 See http://genesis8.free.fr/gamecal.php
 for the games that already became freeware, or almost freeware
 (authors stating that they don't care for the distribution of their games).

 A6.3) Adding files to ftp.lip6.fr 04/15/2001

 You can send me your latest production. As there is no upload
 directory on lip6, you will need to email your programs to
 roussin noos.fr, or send them to ftp.nvg.ntnu.no/pub/cpc/incoming,
 I will then put it on ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad

 A6.4) Updating ALL_CPC, ALL_HW, ALL_ROM, ALL_UTIL 04/14/2002

 Frederic Herlem (frederic.herlem planetis.com) is writing the complete
 inventory of the CPC programs, get v08 and help him to update it :
 ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/misc/all_cpc.zip

 Kevin Thacker (amstrad aiind.upv.es) wrote :

 - inventory of all hardware produced for the CPC (v1.0 is 02/04/97)
   ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/misc/all_hw.zip
 - inventory of all CPC ROM software, (v1.0 is 02/04/97)
   ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/misc/all_rom.zip
 - inventory of all CPC utilities, commercial or not, (v1.0 is 02/04/97)
   ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/misc/all_util.zip

 A7) Commercial programs which are now PD, freeware or shareware 07/31/2004

 See http://genesis8.free.fr/gamecal.php

 A8) Useful addresses and information

 A8.1) Addresses

 See A3.4 for a PCW address.

 A8.1.1) FRANCE

 A8.1.1.1) removed 05/18/2001

 A8.1.1.2) Futur's 10/31/99

 Futur's is a french group, they do many things. They bring you the
 Soundplayer (a better Digiblaster). It connects on the printer port.
 The Soundplayer is used by Protracker and Digitracker. You can do it
 yourself for about 5 euros of electronic components. The electronic
 plan is in the paper zine Quasar issue 9, see A9.1.3. With this little
 marvellous thing, you can have 8bit samples, instead of 4bit samples.
 The SoundPlayer+ is a better SoundPlayer, which can include Virtual
 Net 96 (see A10.5) for a bit more more, or which can use a CPC+ port instead
 of the normal CPC printer port.

 The SoundPlayer II now exists. It connects on the expansion port and
 permits to make mono 8 bits/22KHz digitalized sound. It offers one
 more port to connect a second Soundplayer (for stereo) or to free the
 printer port.

 For ordering a SoundPlayer+ or 2, see A9.1.3

 see http://www.chez.com/futurs or http://www.ifrance.com/futurs

 old A8.1.1.3 removed, A8.1.1.4 become A8.1.1.3

 A8.1.1.3) Association des Fans de CPC (AFC) 07/31/2004

 AFC is a french association whose aim is to be a link between the various
 CPC users. For more information, write to

 Emmanuel Roussin
 10 rue du Capitaine Menard
 75015 PARIS
 FRANCE

 or see http://genesis8.free.fr/

 A8.1.2) U.S.A

 A8.1.2.1) Sinotech Ltd.

 A source for Amstrad PCW, PC 1286/2286, PC1386/2386, PC 1512/6400, and
 PC 1640 disks, ribbons, memory and drive upgrades, etc. in the USA is:

 Sinotech Ltd.
 218 Terrace Drive
 Mundelein, Illinois
 USA    60060

 phone: (708) 566-0504

 A8.1.3) United Kingdom

 A8.1.3.1) Comsoft (was Campursoft) 07/24/2004

 Comsoft doesnt exist anymore. This company was held by Peter Campbell.
	Comsoft was selling ParaDOS, DES, and other products. One of these
 products was the Basic Idea, a tutorial of 42 pages and disc of 
 examples for the basic programmer, now available at :

 http://www.sean.co.uk/books/amstrad/index.shtm

 A8.1.3.2) United Amstrad User Group 06/01/98

 Martyn Sherwood
 Sherwood
 13 Rodney Close
 Bilon
 Rugby
 Warwickshire
 CV22 7HJ
 United Kingdom

 The group has been going for 10 years now.  We publish a magazine
 called "CPC User" every couple of months, and have other services
 for members (disk and tape library, book library, and help-lines).
 The magazine carries occasional articles on using CPCs in conjunction
 with PCs (how to set up emulators, share files, and so on), and other
 articles range from those aimed at beginners to experienced users,
 with competitions, type-ins, tutorials, and fiction.

 See A2.2 for web address and A9.1.2 for fanzine.

 A8.1.3.3) Brian Watson

 Brian Watson
 39 High Street
 Sutton-in-the-Isle
 ELY
 Cambs
 CB6 2RA
 England

 Tel (and FAX by arrangement, phone first): +44 (0)1353 777006
 E-mail : brian spheroid.demon.co.uk

 Supplier or distributor of a number of products and services
 for users of CPCs, CPC Pluses, PCW/PcWs and some other
 computers. Fuller details with prices on application

 - The Protext family, including Proprint, Protext Office,
   Maxam, Utopia etc for the CPC and PCW (also the PC and
   Atari versions and the Prodata PC database). Free user
   support at normal phone rates is included with all items

 - Montrac: a new monitor/tracing program to work with Maxam

 - PcW16 operating system upgrades. Free for a DS/HD disc and
   return postage with your address in a padded bag

 - Pipeline Tutorials for the CPC: a printed tutorial course in
   parts (and firmware guides) with free example files on disc

 - Second-hand Software: an extensive range for the CPC, all
   originals with documentation. From 50 pence UK.

 Also editor of 8BIT magazine, and is the Publicity Officer of
 WACCI CPC club and IEBA (Independent Eight Bit Association)

 Send large Self Adressed Envelop (SAE) or two  International Reply
 Coupons (IRC) for Brian Watson Software catalogue.

 A8.1.4) Germany

 A8.1.4.1) Karl-Heinz Weeske

 Karl-Heinz Weeske
 Potsdamer Ring 10
 D-71522 Backnang
 Tel +49 7191 60078
 Fax +49 7191 60079

 supply of:

 CPC hardware and software, printer ribbons (NQL401 & DMP), circuit
 diagrams, manuals, etc..., demand an offer list !

 A8.1.4.2) Walter Kuhn

 Walter Kuhn
 EDV-Zubehr
 Hessenstrasse 7 (Frohnhausen)
 D-35684 Dillenburg
 Tel./Fax +49 2771 32688

 supply printer ribbons Schneider/Amstrad, DMP 2000...3160, NLQ
 401, Joyce, LQ 3500, PCW 8256/8512, PCW 9512,
 Multistrikeband, Maxell 3"-Disks 10 pack,

 A8.1.4.4) Beratung Mewes 06/09/2004

 EDV-Beratung Mewes
 Gartenstr. 2
 53902 Bad Muenstereifel
 Tel. +49 2253 932388
 Fax  +49 2253 932387
 Email : s.mewes usa.net

 drive belts (CPC, PCW), 3" drives (PCW), RAM-Extensions, repair
 service for disc-drives (3")

 A8.1.4.5) Andreas Micklei 06/19/2004

 Andreas will send out replacement belts for 3 inch drives to anyone in
 germany. The price is 1,5 euro per belt plus 0,55 euro for postage.
 Payment is accepted in cash, stamps, bank transfer or CPC hardware.

 To avoid long delays and assure that enough belts are in stock,
 contact him at nurgle gmx.de

 Andreas Micklei
 Lefevrestr. 15
 12161 Berlin
 GERMANY

 A8.2) information

 A8.2.1) the firmware guide

 The unofficial (not the proper SOFT 968 guide) Amstrad CPC Firmware
 guide is available now! Thanks to Bob Taylor and Thomas Defoe for
 allowing the distribution.

 David Cantrell has scanned and reformatted the electronical version!

 Get ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/misc/firmware.zip

 A8.2.2) Pin-out for colour monitor

         u
      5    1
         6
      4    2  (viewed from rear)
         3

 1 = Red      4 = Sync
 2 = Green    5 = Gnd
 3 = Blue     6 = Lum

 A8.2.3) Programs on ROMs (01/10/99)

 With RamRomBox by Inicron or RAMCARD by RAM7 (see A10.3.2) come the
 utility Softbrenner which can easily save any program on ROM (or
 fake, SRAM-simulated ROM in case of a RamRomBox), even ones longer
 than 16 kb.

 A8.2.4) "The Anatomy for the CPC's" 03/21/2005

 The Anatomy for the CPC is a hardback book, with a pink cover, and
 contains details of the CPC hardware and software. It describes the
 different Gate Array versions (including the one with the heat sink),
 the CRTC, FDC and more, their signals (and what those do), and how
 these relate to the CPC. It also contains:

 - a listing of the CPC firmware calls, plus the undocumented maths
   calls.
 - a commented "disassembly" of the CPC Basic and OS Rom (this comes
   in the form of an address and a comment. Although not a actual fully
   commented disassembly, it is still very useful).

 A8.2.5) using a CPC joystick on PC 09/18/99

 To use a CPC joystick on PC, get ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/misc/DPADPR50.ZIP

A8.2.6) loading protected BASIC programs  02/20/2000

 'Read Amstrad CPC protected BASIC files
 '
 ' Adapted from Clefs Pour Amstrad, 2. Systeme disque
 ' by Daniel MARTIN and Philippe JADOUL
 ' (c) Editions du PSI, 1986 ' ISBN 2-86595-256-8 '
 ' Run, type in filename (can be empty for tape) and
 ' then type 'CALL &A400'
 '
 ' This program will fail for very large BASIC files
 '
 ' A line needs to be changed for CPC464s '
 MEMORY &9FFF
 INPUT "Filename "; n$
  n = LEN (n$)
 FOR i = 1 TO n
 POKE &A430 + i, ASC (MID$ (n$, i, 1))
 NEXT i
 FOR i = &A400 TO &A428
 READ a$
 POKE i, VAL ("&" + a$)
 NEXT i
 POKE &a401, n
 DATA 06, 00, 21, 31, A4, 11, 00, A0, CD, 77, BC, 30, 18
 DATA C5, 21, 70, 01, CD, 83, BC, C1
 DATA 21, 70, 01, 09, EB, 21
 DATA 66 : ' Change this to 83 for CPC464s
 DATA AE, 06, 04
 DATA 73, 23, 72, 23, 10, FA, CD, 7A, BC, C9
 PRINT "Type 'CALL &A400'"
 NEW

 A9) Fanzines

 If french people are interested, don't forget to send stamps to get
 back your disk or paper fanzine. For foreign people, International
 Reply Coupons are available from post offices in all EU countries,
 US, Canada, and most others.  A single  International Reply Coupon
 (IRC) can be exchanged by the recipient for enough postage stamps
 to cover airmail for a letter weighing up to 10 grams. For heavier
 letters, such as those containing disks or zines, send more IRCs!

 A9.1) on paper

 A9.1.1) WACCI 07/24/2004

 For more informations see http://www.wacci.org.uk/

 They have a Book Library, Tape library, "Homegrown" Disk Library and
 PD Disk Library, 3" Disks supplied at 1 pound 50p each, alternative
 Firmware Guide and Disk, 6 pounds.

 For a free sample copy of the clubs magazine either Email at
 brian spheroid.demon.co.uk with your name and address.

 A9.1.2) CPC User

 A magazine published every couple of months by the United Amstrad
 User Group (UAUG), see A2.2 and A8.1.3.3

 A9.1.3) Quasar 05/02/2003

 A french zine, especially about programming on CPC(+). Last issue is
 no 20 (July 2002), for prices and availibility see their bilingual
 site at :

 http://www.chez.com/futurs/

 Philippe Rimauro (Futur's/Quasar)
 8 chemin des Maillos
 09200 SAINT-GIRONS
 FRANCE

 A9.1.4) Eurostrad 10/31/99

 A french paper zine, most of the articles are translated in english.
 Last issue is no 12 (summer 1999).

 Thomas FOURNERIE
 Le Reverdy
 50530 SARTILLY
 FRANCE

 A9.1.5) Amstrad Action 07/24/2004

 Not a fanzine, but a commercial U.K. newspaper which stopped with
 issue 117 in June 1995. It was sold with cover tapes containing
 commercial games. Issue 117 came with North & South.

	Issues of Amstrad Action are now available online with the permission 
	of its editor Future Publishing 
	http://www.futurenet.co.uk/
	at the following address :

http://cpcoxygen.digi-alt.net/

 A9.2) on disk

 A9.2.1) Boxon 07/28/97

 Nicolas Ader (Nicky one)
 Place du Donjon
 32320 BASSOUES
 FRANCE

 Boxon issue 3 is out (07-96 to 02/97).

 A9.2.2) Demoniak 11/03/98

 Anthony Nevo (orphee)
 Le Louya
 35290 GAEL
 FRANCE

 Get issues 3 to 6 on ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/zines (dmk*.zip)

 A9.2.3) Dracula Fanz 08/01/98

 Miguel Fremeaux (Dracula)
 238 rue du cardinal Allen
 59553 CUINCY
 FRANCE

 Last issue is 5 (December 1995) with articles in english, get the
 issues at ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/zines

 A9.2.4) Phaser

 Sebastien Broudin (Seb)
 1 rue Emile Combes
 60600 FITZ-JAMES
 FRANCE

 A9.2.5) Better Than Life

 An English disc fanzine, with around 40 articles (all in English)
 covering a huge range of subjects. Issues 1 to 4 are out, look at
 ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/zines, you can e-mail the editor
 Richard Fairhurst (CRTC/Systeme D) : richard systemed.u-net.com

 A9.2.6) Tribal Mag 05/23/99

 A good german zine, with some english articles, issue 8 is the last
 one. Tribal Mag has now merged with CPC-Telegramm. Web site is :
 http://tribal-mag.home.pages.de

 All issues are on ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/zines

 Jan Deppisch (email : Deppisch Internet-Service.nu)
 Lechstr. 10a
 76437 Rastatt
 GERMANY

 A9.2.7) Art of Fantasy

 A TGS/Creators production. It's a discmag that is mainly about
 non-computer stuff, but instead about stuff like role-playing games,
 fantasy books, science fiction, stories, etc. Collapse, the editor,
 gets nearly no contribution, so it would be good to point his mag out
 a bit... The first issue (the only one out up to now) was German only,
 but if he gets English stuff, this mag could become international
 soon! The address:

 Collapse of TGS/Creators
 Tobias Zimmermann
 Augsburger Weg 3
 59439 Holzwickede
 GERMANY

 A9.2.8) Guten TAG

 A new disc german-only mag by the group "TAG". I don't know much to
 write about it now... ask the editor! His address:

 Gremlin of TAG
 Thomas Schilling
 Rebenweg 28
 79793 Wutschingen-Horheim
 GERMANY

 A9.2.9) Coders Paradise

 A disc mag for all the programmers out there. All Routines the editor
 (Steve of Wizcat) gets are published with many explanations
 (normally). Steve has many problems getting enough stuff for each
 issue, so pointing him out would be good again... The address:

 Steve of Wizcat
 Christian Stengel
 Ihnbergstrasse 9/1
 73479 Ellwangen
 Germany

 A9.2.10) CPC-Telegramm 08/04/98

 German Diskzine by

 Andreas Koenig
 Hutstr. 7
 D-91056 Erlangen

 A9.2.11) Digital Press 07/11/2004

 At first a german zine with english articles, now a french-german
 production. Get  the issues at ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/zines
 For information email oliver.floquet manchoo.com :

 Olivier FLOQUET
 84 rue de Montbray
 50200 COUTANCE
 FRANCE

 A10) Additional hardware

 For using older additional hardware on a CPC+, you will need an
 adaptor called a widget, as connections are not the same. They use
 the same connectors as german CPC (Schneider). All hardware should
 work with this adaptor, except the standard multiface, see A10.2
 (06/09/97)

 Look A6.4) for a list of hardware made on CPC.

 A10.1) Hard disks (no more produced)

 A10.1.1) MFM hard drive

 - a Dobbertin MFM interface with 20 MB HD,
 - in the very early years a Vortex Filecard with 20 MB MFM HD.

 A10.1.2) AT IDE hard drive

 A10.1.2.1) GIDE 11/08/2004

 The GIDE is a generic Z80 device that allows easy connection of any
 AT (16 bit) IDE hard drive to a Z80 computer. If your Z80 is
 socketed, you simply unplug it, plug the GIDE into the Z80 socket, and
 plug the Z80 into the GIDE. You need to write your own driver

software, however.

 Gide doesnt exist for Amstrad CPC, but you will find informations
 about the GIDE for PCW on : 
 - All about the GIDE interface
 - KC-Club.GIDE-Interface.

 A10.1.2.2) IDE Drives (by RAM7)

 It uses an ISA IDE controler and an adaptator card wich plugs in the
 expansion connector. It will be able to use IDE hard drives, CDROM
 (certainly) and disk drives (1.44 Mo). Not available for the moment.

 A10.2) Multiface II

 A useful add-on, connected to the expansion port, its primary use is
 to make snapshots, exactly like the emulators. See A1.2.7, an utility
 to transform multiface snapshot to emulators snapshot.

 There is a special multiface for the CPC+, standard multiface doesn't
 work on a plus, even with a widget. (06/09/97)

 A10.3) ROMBOX

 A10.3.1) ROMCARD and RAMCARD 10/31/99

 Francisco DOS SANTOS
 123 boulevard Strasbourg
 94130 NOGENT SUR MARNE
 FRANCE
 email : ram7 mail.dotcom.fr (no reply or very slow, best way is
 to use snail mail)

 The ROMCARD is a ROM box with 4 available slots which accepts 16 Ko
 (27128) or 32 Ko (27256 or 27C256) EPROM for a maximum of 128 Ko
 (so better use 32 Ko as there are only 4 slots). Other ROMCARDs
 can be put in parallel, to add another 128 Ko of ROMs each time.

 The RAMCARD is a ROMCARD that uses 128 Ko of RAM instead of ROM.

 the ramcard, a rombox using RAM

 A10.3.2) Inicron ROM-RAM-BOX 04/15/2001

 The RRB is a ROM box that doesn't need EPROMs. Up to 32 EPROMs can be
 simulated in the 512Kb big RAM (if build the enhanced RRB). Additional
 to this you can use a normal EPROM from 8-64Kb in a normal EPROM
 socket. Go at http://www.inicron.de or get
 ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/roms/rrb.zip

 A10.4) SoundPlayer 1 and 2

 See A8.1.1.2) and A9.1.3)

 A10.5) Network 10/31/99

 A10.5.1) Virtual Net 96 (VN96)

 Virtual net 96, a network for Amstrad CPC, made by germans, look at
 (english and german page) :

 http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Park/6129/start.htm

 Get ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/misc/vn96eng.lzh (or ger instead of eng)
 for information about VN96.

 A10.5.2) Multi-IO card 05/30/2003

 VN96 doesn't work on a CPC+, but Futur's (see A8.1.1.2) has a plan for a
 VN96 card for CPC+, which will work of course on plain CPC. But the
 multi-IO card is more than a VN96 card, it has a standard parallel port
 where you will be able to connect all parallel devices such as a printer or
 a ZIP drive when a driver will be ready. The price will be about 15 euros.

 A10.6) Future OS 05/31/2003

 Future OS is a new operating system for Amstrad CPC that needs
 a rombox or a rambox, Future OS is more powerful than amsdos, but
 amsdos and CP/M programs must be adapted before using them under
 Future OS (they can even work faster). Type |OS or |FDESK to launch
 Future OS. For more information, go http://www.FutureOS.de
 You can use it on emulators like Caprice (install ROMs A B C D
 in slots 10 to 13) or WinAPE 2.0a4 (doesnt work with WinAPE 2.0a5).

 A10.7) Memory extension

 A10.7.1) 256 Kb to 2 Mb MemCard (by RAM7) 05/30/2003

 For 6128 and 6128+, it's compatible with Dk'tronics memory extensions,
 it plugs on the expansion connector. It uses the same memory managing
 of the 6128 second 64 Ko bank. It comes with 4 slots of static RAM (128 Kb
 or 512 Kb). For more information, see A10.3

 Beware the 256 Kb and 512 Kb models use 128 Kb RAM, the 1 and 2 Mo use
 512 Kb RAM. An extra cable is also needed.

 the memcard, a memory extension compatible with Dktronics

 A10.7.2) Inicron RAM-BOX 04/24/2000

 A 512 Ko RAM extension for Amstrad CPC by Inicron, get
 ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/misc/rambox.zip
 or go at http://www.inicron.de

 A10.8) Card Tridge (by RAM7) 10/31/99

 The Card Tridge can read, copy and store Amstrad CPC+ cartridges with
 its 512 Ko of RAM). For more information see A10.3

 A10.9) CPC ISA 03/26/2005

 Connect ISA cards on your CPC by Siou (siou free.fr) :
 http://siou.free.fr

 As 26th March 2005, playing adlib music (.SA2 files) works with a Sound Blaster, and
	low level working of hard disks too, file system must still be done.

 the CPC ISA card

 A10.10) Amstrad MP1 and MP2 10/27/2000

 Amstrad MP1 and MP2 replace the CPC monitor alimentation and permits to
 use the television (SCART connector) for the video output (MP1 for 464,
 MP2 for 664/6128). You can also send the video signal on a PC which has

a tuner card.

 The MP1 does not provide the 12V connector the 664/6128 needs to power
 the floppy disk drive. So you can use a 664/6128 with a MP1 but you
 cant use the floppy, or you need an external power supply.

 A10.11) CD-ROM 05/12/2003

 For several years people thought that the CPC version of the
 Codemasters CD-ROM (using a domestic CD player and a special
 interface to convert the audio signal into something suitable for
 Arnold) didnt exist. In fact, the developper (The Oliver Twins) of
 product acknowledged that it did exist, for more informations :
 http://andercheran.aiind.upv.es/~amstrad/docs/audiocd2.html

 A10.12) Mouse 08/06/2000

 You cant use a PC mouse (serial or PS/2). There are Amstrad CPC
 mouses, but few programs uses them (Advanced OCP art studio) :

 - AMX mouse (the most common),
 - GENIUS mouse,
 - DATEL mouse.

 A11) Upcoming Meetings

 B - Amstrad Notepad (NC100/150/200)

 B0) NC 100/150/200 presentation 08/06/2000

 The Notepad is Amstrad's idea of a simple word processor. It is NOT
 a PC-compatible and is NOT the PenPad PDA.

 The NC100, launched in september 1992,  is about A4 size with a LCD
 screen (80 car. x 8 lines), nearly full size keyboard, a PCMCIA memory
 card slot on the left side, four coloured keys, 64 Kb of RAM. It
 features a word processor, word spell checker, address book,
 calculator, diary, clock, alarms and BBC basic. There are a serial
 and parallel ports.

 The NC200, launched in october 1993, has a fold-down LCD screen
 (80 car. x 16 lines), a 3.5" disk drive, 128 Kb of RAM, new software
 (spreadsheet and graphics, games).

 The NC150, launched in april 1993, has the look of the NC100 but
 the NC200 software, 128 Kb of RAM too, and the possibility to connect
 a 3,5 drive. It exists only in french and italian versions.

 B1) Emulators

 B1.1) M.E.S.S. 06/09/2004

 See A1.1.20.

 B1.2) NC100EM 03/17/2001

 NC100EM by Russell Marks for Linux (svgalib, X, tty) and MSDOS. It
 supports both the ROM software and ZCN, a free CP/M 2.2 clone. Get
 it at http://rus.members.beeb.net

 B2) How can I buy one ? 10/27/2000

 Unfortunately, Tandy finally stopped selling them in November 1996.
 The best way to buy one now is probably second-hand ads in national
 computer magazines, "for sale" newsgroups or auctions sites like
 http://www.ebay.com

 B3) What peripherals can I use ?

 The Notepads have standard Centronics parallel ports and RS232 9-pin
 serial ports.  The system has drivers for 9 and 24-pin dot matrix,
 Canon inkjet and Laserjet printers.  The serial port claims 9600 bps,
 but I can only make my NC100 work reliably at the full speed using
 Xmodem and the AC adapter.  This seems to be a common problem probably
 because the AC adapter supplies 10 volts and the batteries only 6.

 B3.1) Printing 07/14/99

 The NC can use dot matrix, inkjet and laser printers with its built-in
 drivers (for emulating Epson, IBM, Canon, LaserJet). The LaserJet printer
 driver doesn't seem to be fully implemented. It doesn't  support changing
 font sizes (at least in the german version of the NC100). If anyone fancies
 writing the necessary software, we'd love to hear about it...

• B3.2) Extra Memory 09/09/2009

 A  battery-backed PCMCIA memory card (SRAM) will keep data even if
 your Notepad crashes and increases the available memory.  It also
 allows you to create a file with BASIC bigger than 2048 bytes. This is
 because BASIC allocates all available memory on start-up except 2048
 bytes. The memory card (maximum of 1 Mo) can be bought from :

 - Primary Simulation Inc., 2963 Mozart Drive, Silver Spring,
   MD 20904, USA. http://www.psism.com/sramsp.htm

- - Talisman Electronics, P.O. Box 26 Pangbourne, Reading, RG8 8TL. - Telephone 01491 671914. http://www.talisman-uk.com

 - Vikant Corp., 512 Kb or 1Mb cards (http://www.vikant.com or
   https://secure.webcom.com/vikant/onlineorder.htm

 B3.3) Disks 08/15/99

 Cliff Lawson (NC Project Manager):  if you have an NC200 you already
 have a disk and built in Ranger disk routines. If you have an NC150
 then the only bit of Ranger code is the terminal but it contains a hidden
 "hook" which allows the Ranger external disk to be connected to the
 machine and if you have an NC100 there is no Ranger code in it at all.

 B4) How do I connect it to a PC ?

 B4.1) What's the cable ?

 Brief instructions are given in the manual. You can either use the LapCat
 parallel port system or use a standard  "null modem cable", available
 from most computer parts shops. If you really want to make your own,  the
 NC serial port is a 9-pin RS232, and the PC cables are:

 25 pins at PC                      9 pins at PC

 NC           PC                    NC           PC
 2 ----------- 2                    2 ----------- 3
 3 ----------- 3                    3 ----------- 2
 4 ----------- 6                    4 ----------- 6
 5 ----------- 7                    5 ----------- 5
 7 ----------- 5                    7 ----------- 8
 8 ----------- 4                    8 ----------- 7

 B4.2) Settings

 Use a terminal program on the PC (Telix supports XModem file transfers
 as well, but standard windows terminal/hyperterminal works ok for text).
 Set both ends to the same speed (9600 is fine), 8 data bits, no parity,
 1 stop bit, RTS/CTS handshaking on and experiments until it works...

 B4.3) Converting Word Processor Files 04/29/2000

 Converter programs are available for both PC and NC to convert from
 the NC's protext to RTF on the PC :

 - for msdos : ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/nc100/nc2rtf.zip
 - for NC : ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/nc100/nc2rtfb.zip

 B4.4) How do I connect it to a BBC micro 08/15/99

 You will need a 5 pin C-type DIN plug, a 9 pin serial plug, some
 cable, and the instructions from http://www.gre.ac.uk/~st702/qanda.htm#q11

 B5) BASIC

 Oddly enough, the Notepad includes a copy of BBC BASIC. This allows
 you to create your own programs and download other peoples. However,
 some people have found that using the WP to look at a BASIC file can
 crash the machine, so backup your important files first.

 B5.1) Where can I find programs for it ?

 - ftp.maekong.york.ac.uk/pub/BBC
 - http://www.ncus.org.uk
   Tim's Amstrad NC Users Site, go to links

 B5.2) Can I use the Word Processor to enter listings ?

 Certainly, to go from WP to BASIC type "*EXEC filename" into BASIC
 (don't forget line numbers). To go from BASIC to WP, load the program
 and then type:

 *SPOOL document
 LIST
 *SPOOL

 Don't put formatting (bold, etc...) in the program.

 B5.3) Can I make a program auto-run ?

 Of course, just save it with the name AUTO and whenever you start
 BASIC, it'll run.

 B6) Other Programs 07/11/99

 ZCN is a free operating system for the NC100. It's largely compatible
 with CP/M 2.2. It runs most CP/M 2.2 programs, including ZDE, QTERM,
 Mallard Basic, and Hitech C. It can also run the NC100's ROM BBC Basic
 as if it were a native ZCN program. You need an NC100 and at least one
 PCMCIA memory card to use it, a separate computer (perhaps a PC)
 and a serial lead to get the system code to it for the first time.
 It's available from ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/nc100 or
 http://www.ncus.org.uk

 B7) I've just crashed it...

 If you're lucky, switching it to standby and back will get you out. If
 you've got context saving on then it definitely won't. Try these:
 switching on while holding Function; switching on while holding
 Function, Stop, Del and the right-hand Shift; removing all the
 batteries (including the lithium cell) and the power adapter and
 trying to switch on. The last two definitely blank the memory. The
 first two don't always, but they don't always fix it.

 B8) I've just broken it...

 Try CPC supplies on +44 1772 654455 (Main switchboard) or Email their
 fax machine at remote-printer.Sales 6.6.4.4.5.6.2.7.7.1.4.4.tpc.int
 and ask them to 'phone you! Failing that, call Amstrad (see A2.2

 B9) Help! Where to ask 08/15/99

 Since the demise of Amstrad and Tandy stopping to sell the Notepad,
 the best place to ask for help is the newsgroup comp.sys.amstrad.8bit
 Free user support on Protext, the NC series word processor,
 from Brian Watson (protext spheroid.demon.co.uk).

 B10) Internet resources 12/17/2000

 - http://www.amstrad.com and http://web.ukonline.co.uk/cliff.lawson
   official and unofficial Amstrad page

 - ftp://ftp.nvg.ntnu.no/pub/cpc/nc100
   NVG FTP site

 - http://www.miracles.win-uk.net/NC100
   New address of Mark Ray NC page

 - http://www.ncus.org.uk
   Tim's Amstrad NC Users Site

 B11) Credits 08/15/99

 Although I appear to maintain this section, it wouldn't be in its
 current fine state without the many people who have asked questions
 and provided answers over the year.  Especially Tim Surtell and
 Russell Marks, who have provided substantial amounts of information.

 C - Amstrad PCW

 C0) PCW presentation 08/04/2001

 Amstrad made the following PCW systems :

 1) PCW8256
 2) PCW8512
 3) PCW9512
 4) PcW9512+
 5) PcW9256

• 6) PcW10, see http://www.fvempel.nl/pcw10.html

 7) PcW16

 1) had 180K drives, 2) had a 180 kb A drive and a 720 kb B drive,
 3) had only 720 kb drives. All subsequent models had 3.5" disks
 using CP/M format at 720 Kb until 7) when it switched to 1.44 mb in
 MS-DOS format. The PcW's (no capital 'c') all used EMT rather than
 EMS early morning start files with 3.5" drives. The PcW 9512+ was a
 look-alike from the older 9512, including the daisy-wheel printer.
 The 9256 (256 kb memory) was a redesign of the 8000 series, with
 thesame dot matrix printer and keyboard, but in a more modern
 lookingdesign. The PcW 10 resembled the 9256 but had 512 Ko.

 The PcW16 is a radical digression who's sole "raison d'être" was to
 make a true WYSIWYG product but this meant a change in the screen
 and processor (to 16MHz) which meant that it could not be kept
 compatible with the previous models (though documents ARE compatible).

 C1) Emulators and utilities

 C1.1) Emulators

 C1.1.1) Joyce 06/09/2004

 A superior PCW emulator with loads of features. Currently at version 2.02
 (stable) or 2.1.5 (unstable). The 2.1.1 emulates the PcW 16 as well, version
 2.02 all the other PCW and PcW models.

 JOYCE 2.x is an integrated program: most utilities for e.g. converting disks to 
 images (including MicroDesign disks) or vice versa, can be accessed through the
 menus. Features include, but are not limited to:

 - emulation of all PCW's (as from 2.1.1) with additional memory and hardware.
 - emulation of additional hardware includes amongst others: mouse, serial/
   parallel port and 2mb of memory;
 - support of actual disc drives;
 - virtual hard disc drives (8 mb each);
 - DOS directories for reading or writing, export and import tools;
 - one disc image included, with loads of CP/M tools, for use with JOYCE;
 - a variety of settings, including the original color settings of the PCW 
   screens;
 - printer support. Either through LPT ports or rerouted to file (e.g. superb 
   matrix printer emulation in Adobe PDF files);
 - the Windows version allows for easy creation of print screens (very useful
   for an editor);

 Check the documentation for obtaining or creating the boot disks.

 Available on http://www.seasip.demon.co.uk/Unix/Joyce/

The (older) version for DOS v 1.36 is also still available.

 C1.1.2) Joyce MAC 11/08/2004

 MACOs port of Joyce by Richard Bannister at
 http://www.bannister.org/software/emu.htm

 C1.1.3) M.E.S.S. 06/09/2004

 See A1.1.20

 You need the boot images. M.E.S.S. should not emulate other hardware
 than the standard (i.e. no Centronics parallel port on a PcW 9256).

 C1.2) Utilities 08/04/2001

 See C2.2) for some PD stuff. A listing of the better commercial utilities
 as well as PD will follow shortly.

 C2) Where can I find emulators, ROMs and programs ? 08/08/2000

 C2.1) FTP sites 07/24/2004

 - ftp://ftp.demon.co.uk/pub/cpm/
   Demon UK, Amstrad directory, containing lots of programs for the PCW.

 - ftp://ftp.nvg.ntnu.no/pub/cpc/pcw/
   NVG, a few PCW programs.

 C2.2) WWW 10/03/2004

 - http://www.locomotive.com
   Locomotive Software, co-author of the Amstrad CPC and PCW ROMs
   bought in 2000 by SD Micros, see below

 - http://members.aol.com/sdmicro
    new owner of Locomotive name and products

 - http://web.ukonline.co.uk/cliff.lawson
   a site by an Amstrad member staff with information, files for all
   the Amstrad computers. The official Amstrad site :
   http://www.amstrad.com

 - http://ai.ansible.co.uk/
   Ansible information, makers of AnsibleIndex for LocoScript,
   AnsibleIndex Pro and AILINK (to convert LocoScript data to e.g. Word).
   Free downloadable CPM.EXE (freebies) to copy files from CF2DD to DOS.

• - http://www.fvempel.nl

   PCW Joyce Computer Club : PCW serial communication with a PC,
   mounting a 3.5" drive on a PCW, a 3" on a PC, repairing a 3" drive,
   upgrading memory to 512 Ko, club news, PCW ads. Downloadable Public
   Domain.

 - http://www.seasip.demon.co.uk
   John Elliott's CP/M page, he is the man behind some of the finest PCW
   freeware around and provides links to many generic CP/M resources.
   He's also put up exhaustive information on the PCW's XBIOS.
   Lots of downloadable conversion tools, also for graphics.

  - http://www.systemed.net/pcw/
   Richard Fairhurst page about PCW hardware reference

 - http://www.xs4all.nl/~ianmacd/PCW.html
   Ian Macdonald, about PCW

 - Protext related issues: Brian Watson (protext spheroid.demon.co.uk).
   http://www.cix.co.uk/~mtilley/protext

 - Walnut Creek CD-ROM has a PCW section, no longer sold, but get it at
   ftp://ftp.barnyard.co.uk/cpm/walnut-creek-CDROM/ 

 C2.3) Various sources 08/08/2000

 A PCW CD-ROM by P.D. Blake with over 4,500 files of PCW software,
 including all of his commercial titles and around two hundred PD and
 Freeware titles. There is also a large amount of Microdesign material
 and just about every programming language and utility available for
 the PCW. The CD costs £25 + £2.50 P&P. You can order it by
 sending a cheque for £27.50, made payable to Mr P.D.Blake to:
 P.D.Blake, 32 Sample avenue, Beverley, E.Yorks, HU17 9DW, England.
 E-mail address : pdblake yahoo.co.uk

 C3) Transferring between PCW and PC 08/08/2004

 Transferring data from floppy discs is easy if you have a 3.5" drive:
 all PcW's have one. A PCW (the 8256, 8512 and 9512) can be provided
 with such a drive. The free software CPM.EXE from Ansible Index at
 http://ai.ansible.co.uk/ can read CF2DD (double sided
 discs for drive B). If you have a 3.5" disc, reading it in a PC will be
 easy. If you only have a 3" drive you could opt for mounting the B
 drive in your PC (see C3.4). If you have other logical disc formats on
 3.5", Sydex 22DISK will give you the best results.

 Summarising the hardware conversion alternatives:

 - 3.5" drive on PCW (DIY possible),
 - LocoLink between PCW and PC,
 - RS 232 serial null-modem between PCW and PC (DIY possible),
 - 3" drive on PC (DIY possible),
 - acoustic communication (DIY possible).

 The 22DISK, MS Odball, PCWTrans and CPM.EXE software is freely
 available: 22DISK still is shareware formally and should be purchased
 (USD 25, an unsupported license) with Sydex. Of these programs 22DISK
 is the only one that can handle all disc formats for the PCW : some
 formats require additional definitions, some common ones listed in

• http://www.fvempel.nl/euro1.zip.

 If you have discs that have been formatted by DISCTOOL (the
 one from Matthijs Vermeulen, not the Moonstone program with the same
 name) which offered variable combinations of directory- and data-

• allocation, see the site http://www.fvempel.nl/.

 There are quite a lot of commercial alternatives around: among others
 Moonstone 2-in-1 and DDriverPCW (a DOS driver that allows disks to be
 read and written on a PC). These two can still be obtained from
 LocoScript Software.

 Besides the hardware process you will need to pay some attention to
 the file format as well: at least where LocoScript is concerned.

 The simple and cheap option is to export the documents on the PCW to
 ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange - the
 "language" that works with most computers, except for Windows which
 uses a slightly different dialect called ANSI). By exporting to ASCII
 your files will be restricted to the default 256 characters available
 with ASCII (quite a downgrade from the 600 as offered by LocoScript)
 and you will lose formatting, headers, footers, page numbers and
 accents. When you opt for the PAGE IMAGE attribute, present on all
 versions of LocoScript, you will at least retain some details like tab
 stops (replaced by spaces) and margins, but you definitely will have to
 check the end-result on the PC. When combined with mounting a 3" drive
 on a PC or (more expensive) a 3.5" drive on a PCW it is a cheap DIY
 solution, useful and reliable for confidential data or data that you do
 not want to risk losing in the mail.

 If you want to retain the document settings, layout, accents and the
 like you will have to convert the document(s), using the available
 commercial programs:

 - Ansible AILINK
 - LocoScript Professional or LocoScript Easy with or without LocoLink
   (for Windows)

 Which one suits you best depends on your budget and purpose. The
 AILINK http://ai.ansible.co.uk/ can read CF2DD format disks and convert
 all LocoScript formats (from 1 to 4) into a.o. Richmond Text Format,
 a format commonly used in word processors. At GBP 19.50 it may sound
 expensive and I have not used all of it's features but it seems like a
 good alternative to reformatting documents or buying a DOS word
 processor for conversion only. AILINK is a true Windows program
 (allowed for the occasional DOS box) and offers amongst others RTF,
 RTF for Word, WordPerfect 4.2, ASCII, ANSI, HTML and some other
 formats.It allows for mass copying and converting and seems to produce
 a 1:1 copy including formatting and accents. Do note that AILINK can
 read from CF2DD only (no CF2 or other formats) and does not solve the
 3" problem, unless you mount a 3" drive in your PC.

 The LocoScript alternatives are more expensive but they also provide
 the hardware solution (LocoLink, part of LocoScript, does). Data
 conversion retaining layout and accents is also seamless but there is
 no mass-tagging option and the PCW LocoScript source file has to be
 translated to PC LocoScript source file before it can be exported to
 other formats. But then again, the LocoScript PC word processing
 software is not bad either. LocoFile datafiles need to be "squashed"
 by LocoScript Professional or PC Easy before they can be used.
 Conversion requirements do not apply for LocoLink for Windows, only
 the earlier version requires it.

 To use the data from a LocoFile datafile with other PC software you
 will need to use LocoScript Professional or LocoScript PC Easy
 Mailmerge commands to output the data to a LocoScript document. You
 should then export the document as above. Or LocoLink for Windows can
 be used to convert datafiles to DBase or FoxPro formats.

 I have heard from other projects on the subject, but have not seen
 products so far.

 Using Mallard BASIC programs on the PC is possible, though the
 following aspects should be considered. First of all, Mallard BASIC has
 a special file format that (I think) can be read by the PC version of
 Mallard BASIC only (an expensive and therefore rare item: I do believe
 it is still for sale, though). Saving it into ASCII format is easy
 though: just add the attribute A when you (re-)save a program, e.g.
 SAVE "PROG.BAS",A will save the file in ASCII format. This format can
 be read by 99% of the other Basic dialects. Also, unprotect your
 file program, if it has been protected, before exporting it.

 Although Mallard BASIC is pretty much standard in command convention,
 there are a couple of exceptions.
 1) JetSam keyed-index databases cannot be used by other Basic dialects:
    redesign of the program to a sequential or random access database
    structure will be required.
 2) GSX, the Graphics System eXtension, does not have an MS Dos
    equivalent. In fact it is not part of BASIC but if your application
    uses this add-on on the PCW, it can obstruct the proper working on
    another Basic language. It will have to be replaced by graphics
    functionality offered by the other Basic.
 3) Machine code and peeks & pokes will not work at all. If the
    program contains too much of these: forget it...
 4) The different hardware can be a bit of a problem when the program
    uses the PCW hardware to it's maximum. The big screen and the
    Epson FX-80 emulation on the printer may force you to re-write
    the program.

 I found that good old GWBasic, supplied in numerous quantities with MS
 Dos, works best when porting PCW Basic source to other computers. Check
 a program up-front for the mentioned issues and decide whether it is
 worth your while to adopt it on a PC, to redesign it on a PC or to use
 a PCW emulator on the PC. Do be careful when modifying a PCW Mallard
 BASIC program on the PC, though!

 Using PC data on a PCW is also possible: ASCII would be the normal
 standard here but several Dos and Windows programs offer export
 formats for older software (e.g. dBaseII, SuperCalc II) too. LocoScript
 Professional or LocoScript Easy documents can be read by LocoScript
 2.50 or later on the PCW if they have been saved in the LocoScript 2/3
 format, a feature offered by LocoScript Professional 2 or LocoScript
 PC Easy (version 1.01 or later).

 LocoFile databases from a PC need to be extracted to a LocoScript
 document and can be converted to the PCW. On the PCW the LocoFile
 database needs to be rebuild.

 Software Versions and Requirements (Howard Fisher)

 To use LocoLink, LocoScript Professional or LocoScript PC Easy is
 required. The above information applies to versions since 1 st January
 94 - LocoLink for LocoScript Professional, Version 1.08 or later of
 LocoScript Professional and Version 1.01 or later of LocoScript PC
 Easy. To export from LocoScript on the PC to the PCW you need v2.50
 or later of LocoScript on the PCW. LocoLink for Windows can
 convert documents and datafiles produced with any version of
 LocoScript.

 Alternatively, you can use a disc transfer service both to copy the
 discs and if necessary convert the files to other PC word processor
 formats.

 Here are those which can transfer and/or convert files :

 - http://www.locomotive.com,
 - http://members.aol.com/sdmicro,

 C3.1) 3.5" drive to a PCW 06/09/2004
 (this section by Axel_Berger Su2.Maus.De)

 Amstrad uses a 26-pin floppy bus, which is exactly similar to the 34
 pin Shugart bus but with 4 signals, that are never used anyway, left
 out. In both cases all odd numbered lines are grounded and all signals
 are active low. The unused lines of the Shugart are: (usage of some of
 them varies, I have tried to state the most common one)

       2:  Density
       4:  Head Load
       6:  Drive Select 3, Ready
      14:  Drive Select 2

 So you have to splice the cable and fit it to a 34-pin connector as:

         Amstrad     Shugart     Use
            2           8      Index
            4          10      Drive Select 0
            6          12      Drive Select 1
            8          16      Motor On
           10          18      Step Direction
           12          20      Step
           14          22      Write Data
           16          24      Write Gate
           18          26      Track 00
           20          28      Write Protect
           22          30      Read Data
           24          32      Side Select
           26          34      Ready

 There is one problem with the choice of drive: The PCW expects to get
 a "Ready" on pin 26 and IBM compatible 3.5" HD don't deliver it.
 Drives used to have jumpers but with the Gates monopoly they don't
 have them anymore, so you might have to improvise something. A direct
 connection from Drive Select to Ready by Diode will deliver the signal
 too soon, reading will work, as the computer gives it a second try but
 writing will be dangerous. I haven't needed to try that, I have got
 enough old 720 k drives that can be jumpered or otherwise adapted
 to fit.

 Some people have experimented successfully with a diode protected push

 switch with a signal from motor on. See http://www.king27.freeserve.co.uk/

 *BEWARE OF A SERIOUS PITFALL*
 Amstrad has the *power connecter wired the other way round* and on top
 of that uses yellow for 5 V and red for 12 V!!!!
 
 Note from FvE: this remark is not valid for the PCW 9512!

 Details and a photo-session on the subject can be viewed on :

• http://www.fvempel.nl/3pc.html

 I have added a changeover switch that allows me to make the 3.5"
 either drive A or drive B and the original 3" one the other. Of course
 my 3.5" disks have to be formatted differently for either use and the
 3" accessed as drive B will not work, but allows me to boot from 3.5"
 and then switch over to use the full 720 k capacity.

 C3.2) LocoLink (for Windows) 06/09/2004

 LocoLink is a cable that can connect a PCW to a PC with a parallel
 cable (connects to the expansion port of the PCW). The software is a
 part of LocoScript Professional or LocoScript PC Easy and converts the
 complicated format of the PCW LocoScript file seamless.

 At present there are two versions around, the old LocoLink and LocoLink
 for Windows. The latter one provides mouse support and a wider range of
 direct conversions to PC format WPs.

 A Laplink serial cable can also be used.

 C3.3) RS 232 08/04/2001

 RS232 can serve for a null-modem cable to connect to a PC. In order to
 create such a cable (when you buy one in a store, do check for the
 prescribed connections!) connect the pins as stated below.

 PCW         PC
  2           3
  3           2
  5          20
  7           7
 20           5

 Pins 4, 6 and 8 must be connected to each other on the same side! It
 may look like a classic 'short circuit', but it has to be done !
 So : 4, 6 and 8 connected to each other on the PCW side and 4, 6 and
 8 connected on the PC side connected to each other.

 A Laplink serial cable can also be used.

 For software I would recommend Kermit. An old (v 3.0, 1990) but
 functional DOS version can be downloaded : 

• http://www.fvempel.nl/mskermit.zip.
• The PCW version is http://www.fvempel.nl/kermpcw.zip.

 If you cannot convert it to a 3" contact me. A safe speed is
 9600 bps if you have a standard interface. Other transfer
 products like CSTAM and Pipeline will do too. If you have a high
 speed model you may try a higher baud rate.

 C3.4) 3" Drive on PC  08/04/2001

 Operating a 3" 720Kb drive on a PC is very well possible: the cable
 required is already presented under A3.1 (the CPC resembles the PCW in
 this respect). However, in view of my experiences with it I would
 recommend it only to experienced Do-It-Yourselfers. I would not take
 the risk and go through the trouble for just 10 3" disks. Besides the
 hardware troubles you probably still face the problem of how to convert
 LocoScript to a format common on PC's. If you absolutely want to do it,

• consult http://www.fvempel.nl/3pc.html (specific details

 for the PCW and a photo session).

 Getting the data on a PC is a problem only with a 3" drive as mounted
 in an 8256, 8512 or 9512. When you have a 3.5" fitted there are plenty
 of utilities around to read from CF2DD format (Ansible's free
 downloadable CPM.EXE, the shareware program 22DISK from Sydex or the
 PCWTrans/MS Odball programs by John Elliott). The next problem is
 getting the data into a format that can be used on a PC: most programs
 (dBase, SuperCalc, Masterfile, TasWord, WordStar, MicroDesign) have a
 version commonly available for MS Dos and the CP/M file can therefore
 be imported in the PC counterpart easily and without loss of details.

 C3.5) Acoustic communication  08/08/2000

 At present experiments with acoustic communications are being
 conducted (in Spain). This would allow for cheap one-way communication
 (only the PCW to PC) that requires a PCW 8000 model, a PC with a sound
 card and a microphone. A short BASIC listing (that, will be made
 available after release of the programs) can be typed in on the PCW
 and will allow files to be converted into beeps (call it morse) that
 can be received by the microphone and converted back into files again
 on the PC.

 The software works already: the speed (at present 25 bps) is not very
 fast but it is a very promising project that finally could provide 3"
 PCW'ers with a cheap and easy way to exchange small data files. The
 object is to produce a program protocol that can reliably send and
 receive up to 400bps with the additional + feature to record it on
 tape, thus allowing for playback. Subject to be continued.

 C4) Shops supporting PCW 06/09/2004

 Mike Mackenzie (AVCOM Services)
 Brisbane, AUSTRALIA
 Phone/Fax:  07 32775701 (in Australia)
 International callers use "61 7" instead of "07"
 Email : avcom gil.com.au

 Elliam Associates still supports the Amstrad 8256, 8512 and 9512 in
 the US with software, hardware, supplies and repairs. Their address is

 P.O box 2664, Atascadero, CA 93423, USA
 Phone (805) 466-8440
 Fax (805) 461-1666

 Pinboard, repairs, parts and disc drives. UK.
 Pinboardcomputers btinternet.com
 http://www.btinternet.com/~pinboardcomputers

 Merline Serve, hardware and systems, books, consumables, repairs,
 parts, games, conversion. See their large, downloadable, catalogue.
 http://www.midnight.uk.com/merline

 Cambrian Computers, 50-52 Paget Street, Grangetown Cardiff
 44  2920 384646 still undertakes repairs

 SD Microsystems Ltd, who took over LocoScript Software in 1999, are
 dedicated to the profesional support of the Amstrad PCW in general
 and all LocoScript products in particular. We offer probably the most
 comprehensive range of software and supplies for this market and can
 be contacted by phone on 08700 736427, by mail at PO Box 99 Thetford
 UK IP24 1NA, by email at sales locoscript.com or via our web site:
 http://www.locoscript.com

 To add a 3" drive to your PC you will need a 3" Disk Kit which
 includes both the drive and software to copy files from a  3" disc to
 a DOS disc. This is available from Eureka on 01329 239953.

 There are also some enthusiasts who continue to support the
 machines, including limited spares and repairs :

 - Geoffrey Hayes on +44 1606 - 784697
 - John King at http://www.pcwking.freeserve.co.uk for technical information,
   spares and some second user software.
 - Ron King at http://www.king27.freeserve.co.uk for technical information
   and repairs.
 - Anthony Hill at +44 2920 618012 or 07778 044696, email : anthony.rhill tiscali.co.uk

 HCC Amstrad Gebruikers Groep (Dutch only):
 http://www.hccnet.nl/hccworld/groeperingen/groepering.cfm?groep=AMS
 or directly at http://www.amstradcg.nl/

 Some clubs continue to exist in supporting the PCW, though many
 have expanded to include PC's:
 - British Amstrad PCW club
 - Crawley PCW club
 - North Wales Computer club contact http://www.nwcc.org.uk

 HCC Amstrad Gebruikers Groep (Dutch), web site will open in October 2001:

 http://www.hccnet.nl/hccworld/groeperingen/groepering.cfm?groep=AMS

 Look also for A8.1.4.4

 C5) Hardware

 C5.1) Printer 08/04/2001

 The original PCW printers can't be used on another computer, being
 controlled by the PCW itself.

 The 9 pin matrix printers, as supplied with the PCW 8256, PCW 8512,
 PcW 9256 and PcW 10 are basically the same. They are not fully
 compatible, though. Printers for the:

 8256            can be used with the 8512 too. Separate data (flat)
                 cable and power cord;
 8512            can be used with the 8256 too. Separate data (flat)
                 cable and power cord;
 9256            only for the 9256. Integrated data and power cable,
                 IBM/Centronics connector which is NOT Centronics
                 compatible!!!
 10              only for the 10. Connector type of the 8256/8512 but
                 integrated data and power supply.

 All of these printers are basically identical, support 7 bit Epson
 FX-80 and use Seikosha SP 800/SP 1000 ribbons (available in both nylon
 and carbon).

 The matrix printer is one of the first parts that will wear and
 eventually break down (after 10 or more years). Spares cannot be
 obtained and repair is often an expensive and insufficient option. I
 can supply used print heads (at postal expenses) but no guarantee
 towards quality or life span. In view of the price of a new computer
 plus printer, expanding a PCW with a Centronics printer interface might
 be a realistic alternative.

 You would need to pay attention to the availability of printer drivers
 for LocoScript and CP/M and/or the emulation modes offered by the new
 printer. The original PCW printer is Epson FX compatible: partly
 (7 bits only). Other common emulations used on PCW's are HP Laserjet
 III, Diablo 630 and Canon BJ.

 The daisy wheel printer as supplied with the PCW 9512 and PcW 9512+
 are compatible with each other only. The part that can break down first
 in this printer is the hammer, which is subject to violet action.
 Spares can be obtained and replacing it is easy. The standard ribbon
 type is Olympia Carrera II.

 Some of the 9000 models were supplied with standard non-Amstrad
 printers as well, a common model was a Canon but Epsons were supplied
 too. Being standard models of printers, they are beyond the scope
 of this document.

 The PCW 9512, PcW 9512+, PcW 10 and PcW 16 have a standard parallel
 Centronics printer interface, the other types can be equipped with
 such a port through the expansion port (by means of an add-on

 interface). Several models were made some of them featuring
 additional options like a serial RS 232 port, a real-time clock,
 or additional memory (up to 2mb). There is a lot of software for the
 PCW's that can make use of external printer: LocoScript (using
 softfonts - downloaded from the RAM disc) and MicroDesign (up to 400
 dpi graphics) are the top in this respect. But utilities like
 landscape printing and screen dumping in text or graphics mode for
 CP/M are around too. Again, before considering attaching an external
 printer to the PCW, attention should be paid to the best combination(s)
 available!

 C5.2) Keyboard 08/08/2000

 Three different keyboard layouts were produced for most PCW's: the
 QWERTY lay-out used for the majority, the QWERTZ for Germans
 (Schneider's) and AZERTY for French machines.

 Usually reliable sources have told me that the entire series of PCW
 keyboards (8256, 8512, 9512, 9256, 9512+ and 10, that is) can be
 exchanged. I have not tested them all but found that the Teqniche (an
 XT keyboard  meant for the 8000 series) does indeed work with a 9000
 model, so the statement should be true. In how far all keys will
 respond depends on the software version used but I see not much reason
 to exchange keyboards, unless you want to use the 9512/9512+/Teqniche
 keyboards on the other machines. PCW keyboard do not work on other
 computers (or the other way around).

 Interesting detail is that the PCW keyboards (already customised to
 work as a dedicated word processor) can be altered entirely to match
 the user preferences. Besides the standard CP/M SETKEYS.COM there is a
 more user friendly SMARTKEYS (a Resident System Extension, RSX) and
 LocoScript has the LocoKey program available to do the job.

 A negative side effect of the customised keyboard is the confusion
 when confronted with standard key-notation of PC (or CPC's for that
 matter). Here are some useful keys to remember in CP/M:

 PCW:                            Other computers:
 EXIT                            ESC
 ALT                             CTRL
 SHIFT+EXTRA+EXIT                CTRL+ALT+DEL
 You will find the three keystrokes above useful when reading computer
 books or magazines: they confirm to the standards in the computer
 industry. ALT+P will for instance function as a toggle to turn print
 output (next to screen output) on or off. EXIT will work for certain
 strokes: it is the ESCape character that allows control over the
 hardware. This is usually from software to e.g. set the printer
 to italic. You can input some of these ESCape codes through the
 keyboard:
 EXIT+E+EXIT+H+ENTER will clear the screen. CP/M 3.0 converts all input
 to capital letters unfortunately so all small letter ESC's will not
 work: consult a good book on the subject. Some special key stokes on
 the PCW:
 PTR                             Printer control status
 EXTRA+PTR                       graphics screen dump of the screen on
                                 the printer
 ALT+ENTER                       CAPS lock (like SHIFT lock, except for
                                 the numeric keys)
 ALT+RELAY                       NUM lock (enables the 'numeric path',
                                 the section were the cursor keys are
                                 located to produce numbers.

 Using the standard Amstrad SETKEYS (or the enhanced SMARTKEYS) will
 allow you to redefine practically all keys on the board as long as you
 know it's number and the number of the character or ESC sequence you
 want to produce. Certain keys can take more than one character: the
 so-called expansion keys. There is a shorter way to modify the
 keyboard: the language. Take a look at the manual for the different
 accents that will produce.

 The PcW 16 Anne (section D) has a PS/2 compatible keyboard and will
 NOT work on a Joyce!

 C5.3) Disc drive 08/08/2000

 The 3" disc drives of the 8256, 8512 and 9512 can suffer from the some
 problems as the Amstrad CPC can. Refer to section A5.1) for tips on
 how to solve these. The usual problem with a PCW 3" drive is a worn or
 broken drive belt. The typical symptoms are: unable to boot, LED
 burning constantly, slipping motor noise and a variety of disc and/or
 data errors. When you have only one boot disk but do have more 3" data
 disks, try to boot from a data disk. If the PCW does not respond with
 three beeps (no system disk in the drive) chances are that the belt is
 defective.

 C6) Additional hardware 08/08/2000

 C6.1) Memory up to 512 kb  06/09/2004

 All PCW (except the 16) can take a maximum of 512kb on the main board
 and all of them do have this amount of RAM, except for the PCW 8256
 and PcW 9256, which came with a standard of 256kb. These machines can
 easily be upgraded to 512kb using 8 x IC 41256 in the range of 100-150
 nanoseconds. This is a standard chip, old fashioned nowadays and
 should cost a maximum of 10 euros.

 All extra memory goes into the RAM disc M and will not attribute to
 the computers internal memory capacity of 64kb. CP/M and LocoScript
 use a so-called bank switching system that allows the use of more than
 64kb: the remainder of memory will go into drive M. A PCW with 256kb
 has 110kb drive M, a 512kb model has 368kb drive M. Increasing M can
 be very useful, as e.g. disc copying is done through the RAM disc. A
 368 RAM disc will allow you to copy a 720kb disc is 2 passes (4 disc
 swaps). Moreover: several programs can work with virtual memory (see
 below) and starting (and running data-intensive) programs from disc M
 is a lot faster than from floppy disc.

 C6.2) Memory beyond 512kb 08/08/2000

 Besides the maximum of 512kb on board PCW's can use memory above that:

 the same applies as with normal RAM memory above the bank switching
 system. It will be assigned to the RAM disc M. Again, this is very
 useful: besides DiscKit, programs like LocoScript 3/4 (softfonts),
 MicroDesign (high resolution up to 400dpi), The Rocket, Scratchpad
 Plus (the latter two spreadsheets), Flipper (multitasking), The
 Network (networking) and several others can use disc M as virtual
 memory, thus allowing for more features or capacity.

 Several interfaces (see C6.3) were put on the market, while Cirtech
 also produced an on-board version called the Sprinter. That card
 replaced the Z80 processor by a faster processor on 8mHz and expanded
 memory up to a maximum of (I believe) 2 megabytes. Besides the
 processor you had to remove a memory chip as well in order to plug the
 Sprinter card onto the main board of the PCW. It fitted for the 8000
 models only, as the sizes of the main boards do vary.

 C6.3) Interfaces (various purposes) 08/04/2001

 An interface is an add-on that fits on the expansion port on the back
 of the PCW and provides additional communication ports or memory (at
 least that is how I define it). An interface is therefore always an
 add-on, but not the other way around. A break-through connector is a
 feature that allows a second add-on to be connected on the break-
 through connector (basically a second expansion port). This
 'back-packing' of add-ons is commonly known as the Christmas Tree and
 can lead to potential dangerous situations regarding the power supply
 of the PCW or the risk of losing an add-on. The later is fatal to the
 life of any PCW when connected: never (dis-)connect devices while the
 PCW is switched ON!!! Many of the add-ons are no longer for sale.

 - Amstrad/Schneider (the German model known as CPS - Centronics
   Parallel Schnitstelle). Offered a Centronics parallel and RS 232C
   serial port but does not feature a through connector and has a
   female Centronics connector: with the normal type of printer that
   requires a cable with Centronics male/Centronics male connectors,
   rather than the stand Centronics male/IBM.
 - SCA Professional & Professional Plus. A look-alike from the original
   CPS, but the Professional Plus has a battery-backed up clock plus
   software.
 - Cirtech parallel interface. Low-budget printer interface with only a
   Centronics port. The right, market-standard, connector though!
 - Cirtech SpeedPrint. Print spooler that frees the PCW of print jobs.
 - Cirtech FlashDrive: non volatile RAM disc memory (data remains after
   switching off the PCW) in two different sizes of 1 Mb and 2Mb, with
   and without through connector

 - The SCA Rampack is an add-on of additional RAM memory of (I believe)
   up to a maximum of 2mb. Break through connector for a second add-on.
 - LocoMotive RAMpack, additional memory. Marketed when LocoScript started
   featuring downloadle soft fonts (with version 3).

 - Phono Set (Vortex) offered an RS232 port and an acoustic modem. Sure
   wish a had such a beast, considering the Spanish project for acoustic
   comm's.

 C6.4) ProScan 08/04/2001

 A hand-held scanner, 400dpi, by Creative Technology for use principally
 with MicroDesign and some other graphics packages. Uses an add-on box
 for the expansion port (through connector available).
 "Best in the West".

 C6.5) MasterScan 08/08/2000

 A scanner that is fitted on the print head of the 9-pin dot matrix and
 connects to the expansion port (break through available). Sheets that
 are fed through the printer can be scanned and digitised.

 Although the format supported was screen size only, the supplied
 MasterPaint (a Mac look-alike) is a piece of art in itself.

 C6.6) Electric Studio Light Pen 08/08/2000

 Light Pen from Electric Studio (PCW variant of the CPC device) for use
 with, among others, Fleet Street Editor. Break-through available.

 C6.7) Electric Studio Digitiser 08/08/2000

 Video digitiser, also from Electric Studio. European PAL system, works
 neat, although the monochrome effects of saved snapshots sometimes
 need editing. Break-through connector is available.

 C6.8) Robotics Hegatron Grafpad II 08/08/2000

 Graphics drawing pallet with a substitute keyboard (using the pen).
 This package was often used for (electrical) technical drawing.

 C6.9) Intergem interface 08/08/2000

 A lame duck: an interface that allows you to connect an 80 track disc
 drive from a BBC computer to the PCW. Not very useful, considering
 the number of BBC owners that would want to offer their drive(s) for
 this purpose.

 C6.10) Disc drives 08/04/2001

 Several manufacturers made (Pace) and still make (Pinboard) disc
 drives packages that allow 5.25" or 3.5" disc-drives to be connected
 to a PCW. In view of the relatively minor adjustments that are
 required for a do-it-yourself operation not very useful, unless you
 consider an external power supply (power supply is the PCW's weak
 spot). And with the exception of the Pinboard drives that are supplied
 in a variety of models. Besides switchable types that allow a 3" 720kb
 to be operated next to a 3.5" 720kb (both as drive B) there are also
 "double deckers" and versions that allow an 8000 model to boot from
 3.5" 720kb discs.

 Pinboard is still in business : Pinboardcomputers btinternet.com
 http://www.btinternet.com/~pinboardcomputers/

 LocoScript software supplies a 3.5" that fits into the bay of a 3"
 drive, email sales locomotive.com

 ACW Soft (Germany) offered a kit to connect a 3" to the PC, Eureka
 01329 239953 (UK) still does.

 C6.11) Hard disks 08/08/2000

 Several hard discs were made too for the PCW series.
 - The ACC Computer Services came as a 10mb hard disc, with Tasword
   (LocoScript was not supported).
 - Vortex (Germany) offered the WD2000 of 20mb.
 - WEB made a 20mb hard disc.
 - ASD supplied one in 10/20/40mb capacity with some utilities.
 - Cirtech offers a variety of hard discs with patched versions of
   LocoScript 2.
 Others were made for networking purposes and are very rare, considering
 the expensive software (back then) which came with these.

 C6.12) Margin Maker 08/08/2000

 A small, inexpensive add-on for the 9-pins matrix printer that allows
 for a shortcoming in the PCW's printer. The PCW printer does have a
 ruler but lacks a device that will align paper to the chosen left of
 right margins.

C6.13) Mice & other input devices 08/04/2001

 Lots were made for the PCW series: the Kempston 2-button and the AMX
 3-button mice are the most familiar but Star, Electric Studio and
 Gerdes also marketed these. Most DTP packages support these. The AMX
 features a through connector.

 Cirtech produced the keymouse, which unlike the others worked through
 the keyboard socket.

 d'k Tronics produced a joystick for the PCW and several adapters
 appeared from various producers. Some were supported by PCW software,
 others were not. A simple diy scheme was around that allowed a
 joystick to be connected to the cursor keys of the keyboard. Also see
 the sections on the light pen C6.6) and the graphics tablet C6.8).

 The PcW 16 (see section D) has a PS/2 mouse.

 C6.14) Teqniche keyboard 08/08/2000

 A standard 102 keyboard (IBM AT type) was made for the Amstrad PCW
 series. It fits on all PCW's except the PcW 16 (which uses a PS/2
 type). A real heavy keyboard featuring separate [F.] function keys,
 cursor and numeric keys, adopted for the Amstrad word processing
 layout.

 C6.15) LocoLink & LocoLink for Windows 08/08/2000

 See C3.2) 

 C6.16) d'k Tronics sound synthesiser. 08/08/2000

 A sound synthesiser was produced by d'k Tronics but I do not know of
 any details. Some DIY layouts were published in magazines to produce
 sound add-ons for PCW's.

 C6.17) ISA card. 08/04/2001

 The layout to make an Industry Standard Adapter for the PCW is
 available on http://user.tninet.se/~psr810p/

 C6.18) Various DIY layouts. 08/04/2001

 A number of layouts for diy expansions to the PCW can be found on:

• http://www.fvempel.nl/diy.html

 Amongst others they contain serial and parallel interfaces plus
 some applications for these and small modifications to the system.

 C7) Fanzines 06/09/2004

 No magazines are now produced, the last two PCWPlus and Amstrad PCW
 User ceased production in 1998 though the information they contained
 is still valid. Two Fanzines exist The Disc Dive produced by The
 British Amstrad Group, see above for details of membership or receive
 copies. The other is PCWtoday, though issue has become intermittent of
 late. Their web site http://www.pcwtoday.co.uk
 gives details and subscription rates.

 Joyce Bulletin, in Dutch, is the quarterly magazine of the Joyce
 Computer Club Amsterdam. It often includes 3" Disks.
 It is now available as on-line (Dutch only) Adobe PDF file on:
 http://http://www.amstradcg.nl/.
 It deviates slightly from the paper version, due to mismatches
 between the page layout in PDF and printer settings.

 D) PcW 16

 D0) PcW 16 presentation

 This presentation comes from a csa8 article by Cliff Lawson.

 Unlike all previous 4MHz Amstrad Z80 machines this has a 16MHz Z80
 core (hence the 16 in PcW16). I know a lot of people "hate" us for not
 making it binary compatible with the previous PCWs but the fact is
 that we couldn't do it and design the architecture optimised for
 graphic word processing software (which means that it is optimised for
 BitBlt type graphics). The screen is actually kind of VGA compatible
 in that it is 640x480x2 with a straight raster mapping rather than the
 character scan raster map and roller RAM of previous PCW (in fact a
 lot like the 640x200 mode on the CPC I suppose).

 The main thing that makes this machine such a dream to develop for is
 the graphic OS (windows, icons, mice are all in there in the core OS).
 The OS was developed in the main by Simon Hargreaves of Creative who
 is renowned for MicroDesign on the previous PCWs.

 The Rosanne operating system that he has put together is just so
 advanced compared to the other Z80 operating systems that we have been
 responsible for in the past that it just seems a shame that any Z80
 development talent out there isn't considering writing stuff for the
 system - you'd enjoy it, believe me.

 Apart from the graphic stuff, message based event system (a la
 Windows) you've got window, menu, dialog, scroll bar, radio button,
 checkbox, etc. etc. all immediately available in the OS.

 The OS also has a rich set of disk/flash disk filing stuff. The system
 read/writes MS-DOS format files/disks and can also read (not write)
 CP/M format files/disks.

 It has fairly advanced memory alloc/dealloc routines and OS support
 for 24 bit banked addressing.

 There's an RTC in there so functions exist for that.

 Even the spell checker in the WP is exposed as an OS callable
 function.

 Perhaps best of all is the huge support for variable typefaces for
 output to both the screen and printer using Swiss and Times in 6, 8,
 10, 11, 12, 14, 18, 24, 36, 72 point.

 The machine has an unused RS232 on the back so there's a possibility
 for developing email/news software - perhaps even a web browser!

 There's a help engine in the OS so adding Help support to your apps is
 also very easy.

 For doing maths there's a 5 byte floating point system in the OS so
 sin/cos/tan/log/exp are all provided.

 If you want to read more about this operating system then get:
 ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/misc/ROSANDOC.ZIP
 or email me direct and chat about it.

 D1) Emulators 08/08/2000

 D1.1) CP/M v2.2 and 3.1 for the PCW16 08/04/2001

 Get this CP/M emulator for PcW16 by John Elliott at
 http://www.seasip.demon.co.uk/Cpm/pcw16.html
 or get directly ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/amstrad/cpm/cpm_101.zip

 D1.2) M.E.S.S. 08/04/2001

 See above

 D2) Support 08/04/2001

The PcW16 is still supported by Comsoft, Creative technology and

 Locomotive.

If you know a PcW16 owner who can't download the operating system

 upgrades from Cliff Lawson's Web site, Brian Watson will supply a free
 upgrade for a DS/HD disk, return postage, and an address label. Send
 disk in a reusable padded bag to the address at A8.1.3.3). Or download
 the boot disc of a PcW 16 (rescue disk) at :

http://web.ukonline.co.uk/cliff.lawson/files/pcwos.zip

For more frequently asked questions and other support information, go to

 http://www.pcw16ers.fsnet.co.uk

E - PDA600 10/10/2000

E0) PDA600 presentation 10/10/2000

the PDA600

The Amstrad PDA-600 Pen Pad created in 1993 has a weight of 400

 grams (14 ounces, 0.87 pound), size is 115mm x 160mm x 27mm
 (6.3" x 4.3" x 1.0"). The CPU is a Zilog Z8S180 at 14.3 Mhz.  There
 is a reflective LCD screen by Kyorcera is 240 x 320 pixels, 70mm
 x 93mm (3.5" x 2.75"). The screen is pressure sensitive for Letter
 based printed handwriting recognition.  It uses 3 batteries and a
 lithium pile. It has 128 Ko memory, 32 Ko for display, 32 Ko for
 recogniser software. It can also use PCMCIA type 1 SRAM cards upto
 2 Mo. It features address list, telephone list, diary, time manager,
 todo list, note-taker, world time, multiple alarms, calculator,
 calendar, OS by the Eden Group, Mini serial RS232, Speaker, RTC.
 Optional Extras : PC-Organiser for Windows, Forms Software, memory.
 Probably the first PDA on the market.

F - CP/M 04/21/2002

CP/M is an operating system widely used with computers before ms-dos

 existed. It is available on Amstrad CPC, PCW and the NC with ZCN. For
 more information, read the newsgroup comp.os.cpm and its FAQ at
 ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/comp.os.cpm
 The Unofficial CP/M Web site : http://www.cpm.z80.de

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