[[File:Apple-1.jpg|300px|right|thumb|Apple I]] [[Image:Apple IIe new and old.jpg|300px|right|thumb|Apple IIe new and old case]] [[Image:Apple IIc with monitor.jpg|300px|right|thumb|Apple IIc]] [[File:Apple IIgs.jpg|300px|right|thumb|Apple IIgs]]
First launched in June 1977, the Apple II was one of the original first three fully-assembled home computers , along with the Commodore PET and the Tandy TRS-80. And it was the first to offer colour graphics and built-in audio by default.
A 6502 machine, it is noteworthy for a design philosophy in which:
== Predecessor ==
The Apple I is an 8-bit motherboard-only personal computer designed by Steve Wozniakand released in July 1976. Only about 200 Apple I boards were produced.
In 1975At the time, home computers like the [[Altair 8800]] had neither a screen nor a keyboard; they had to be programmed using switches, and data was displayed using LED panels or teletypes. Woz’s brilliant idea was to design a microcomputer with a real keyboard and the ability to use an ordinary television screen as a terminal. This was revolutionary at the time because it simply didn’t exist. He had invented the first true personal computer.
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=== Apple IIc Plus ===
The Apple IIc Plus is the final model in the Apple II series. It was released in september September 1988, 2 years after the Apple IIgs. It uses the same case as the Apple IIc but the power supply is now integrated inside the case.
The 6502 CPU is clocked at 4MHz instead of 1.023MHz for the Apple IIc. It is also equipped with a 3.5inch floppy drive instead of the 5.25inch floppy drive of the Apple IIc, offering 6 times the storage capacity and fast loading time.
=== Apple IIgs ===
The Apple IIgs is equipped with a 65816 CPU, the 16-bit evolution of the 6502 CPU. It was released in september September 1986. The gs in the name stands for graphics and sound.
It is equipped with superior graphics (640x200 in 4 colours, 320x200 in 16 colours, with 4096 colour palette), an high-end Ensoniq 32-voice soundchip, a separate keyboard and mouse, and a Macintosh-like Graphical User Interface.
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* [http://www.applelogic.org/UserManuals.html Apple II Reference Manuals]
* [https://youtu.be/36NgkpctW6k How the Apple 1 computer works] [https://youtu.be/VStscvYLYLs How the Apple II Works!] [https://youtu.be/bs88-m9Du1Y The Franklin Ace 1000 - An Early Apple II Clone] by [[The 8-Bit Guy]]
* [https://youtu.be/r1VlrJboDMw Inside the Apple II] by [[Stephen Edwards]]
*[https://nerdlypleasures.blogspot.com/2021/10/apple-ii-composite-artifact-color-ntsc.html Apple II composite artifact color]